语境论的社会科学方法论探析  

Analysis of the Contextualist Methodology of Social Science

作　　者：殷杰[1] 樊小军[1] YIN Jie, FAN Xiao - jun(Research Center for Philosophy of Science and Teehnology,Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Chin)

机构地区：[1]山西大学科学技术哲学研究中心,太原030006

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2018年第4期8-13,共6页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(12AZX004);教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目(15JJD720010);"山西省三晋学者支持计划"阶段研究成果

摘　　要：社会科学方法论的困境主要在于:实证主义方法论与解释学方法论的二元对立,以及由各自内在缺陷所导致的研究实践与真实社会世界的背离。从社会科学方法论所隐含的哲学世界观来看,一种走向语境论的趋势已成为必然。语境论世界观的根隐喻是"历史事件"或"语境中的行动",它所蕴涵的认知视角、分析路径及其揭示的语境的本体论性,可为社会科学方法论开创第三种立场。语境论的社会科学方法论主要倡导案例研究式的操作方法和应用模式。基于此,这种方法论能够吸收并综合各种方法论立场的优势,克服它们的不足,进而在很大程度上消解现有立场的二元对立,并为社会科学方法论打开新的发展空间。The dilemma of the methodology of social science is mainly embodied in the dualistic opposition between positivism methodology and hermeneu- tics methodology, as well as the deviation from the real social world caused by their inherent defects. From the philosophical world view implied by social science methodology, a trend towards contextualism has become inevitable. The root metaphor of contextualism is ＂historic event＂ or ＂ act - in - context＂ , which can create a third position for the methodology of social science according to the cognitive perspective and the analytical path of the root metaphor and the ontological nature of the context it reveals. The Contextualist Methodology of Social Science （CMSS） advocates a case - study method and its application mode. Based on this, the CMSS can synthesize the advantages of various methodological positions, overcome their shortcomings, and then can dissolve the dualistic opposition to a great extent, and expand space for the progress of methodology of social science.

关 键 词：语境论 社会科学方法论 案例研究方法 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]