海外炼厂开工中催化剂及化学药剂问题的策略分析  

Strategy Analysis of Catalysts and Chemicals during Start-up of Overseas Refineries

作　　者：宋跃军 李研 袁明江 Song Yuejun1 ,Li Yan2, Yuan Mingjiang2(1.China Petroleum Engineering ＆ Construction Corp.,Beijing 100011; 2.China Petroleum East China Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao Shandong 26607)

机构地区：[1]中国石油工程建设有限公司,北京100011 [2]中国石油华东设计院有限公司,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中外能源》2018年第3期55-59,共5页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：中国企业在海外承揽包含开工的炼化工程时,在催化剂、化工原材料采购、危险化学品处置方面,会遇到很多问题。哈萨克斯坦炼油企业黑油产量高,高辛烷值汽油产量和提炼深度低,计划从2010年开始实施现代化改造工程,使成品油质量达到欧Ⅳ、欧Ⅴ标准。该项目采用EPCC＂交钥匙＂模式,项目执行过程中的难点包括：根据项目合同中关于催化剂、化学药剂供应的界面,确定承包商需承担的数量,且必须考虑到采购便利性、运输及清关等问题。开工过程中各类化学品的技术指标既是严格的,也可采取灵活的替代措施,积极与催化剂供货商、药剂供货商进行技术澄清,以满足项目开工需要。盐酸、硫酸、碱液等化学品在哈萨克斯坦有较为严格的安全管理规定,运输和使用上需要专门的资质。各类化学品在卸车及装剂过程中,需提前考虑相应的卸车设施和连接接口。适当采取PC分包供货、属地采购和委托代采都是有益的工程借鉴。Chinese companies will encounter many problems in the procurement of catalysts and chemical raw materials and the disposal of hazardous chemicals when they are undertaking overseas refining and chemical projects including start-up.With high yield of black oil,low production of high-octane gasoline and low refining depth,a refinery in Kazakhstan began to implement modernization project in 2010 to obtain oil products meeting Euro Ⅳ and Euro Ⅴ standards. This project adopts ＂ turnkey ＂ EPCC mode, and the difficulties in project implementation include determining the amount of catalysts and chemicals to be supplied by the EPCC contractor according to the supply interface in the EPC contract and taking into account the procure-ment convenience,transportation and customs clearance.The technical parameters of various chemicals during the start-up are stringent,and the needs of project start-up can also be met by adopting flexible alternative measures and actively clarifying the technical conditions with the catalysts and chemicals suppliers.In Kaza-khstan,hydrochloric acid,sulfuric acid,caustic liquid and other chemicals have stringent safety management regulations,and licenses are needed for their transportation and use.Appropriate unloading facilities and con-nectors should be considered in advance during the unloading and loading of various chemicals.The appropri-ate use of PC subcontracting supply,local procurement and entrust procurement are useful references for similar projects.

关 键 词：海外炼厂 开工调试 催化剂 化学药剂 

分 类 号：TE624[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]