人工寰齿关节置换活体动物模型的建立及相关研究  

An in vivo experimental study of a novel artificial atlanto-odontoid joint and related research

作　　者：蔡璇[1] 李浩鹏[1] 董军[1] 黄思华[1] 贺西京[1] Cai Xuan, Li Haopeng, Dong Jun, etal(Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi＇an Jiaotong University, Xi＇an Shaanxi, 710004, China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第二附属医院骨二科,陕西西安710004

出　　处：《生物骨科材料与临床研究》2018年第2期5-8,共4页Orthopaedic Biomechanics Materials and Clinical Study

摘　　要：目的建立人工寰齿关节置换的活体动物模型,探索出适合的手术方式,为后续的临床应用奠定理论基础。方法依据15套干燥犬寰枢椎标本解剖学参数,设计并制造人工寰齿关节;18只正常成年雄性杂种犬随机分为正常对照组,假体置换组和Harms钢板融合内固定组,建立犬人工寰齿关节置换以及相关对照组的动物模型,通过一般情况观察及影像学检查比较各组的手术时间、出血量、手术并发症及术后实验动物恢复情况。结果人工寰齿关节置换手术操作简便、不易造成副损伤。术后X线片和三维CT可见假体位置正确,螺钉均位于预先设计好的钉道内,无假体松动和脊髓受压。手术时间,术中出血量及手术恢复时间与传统Harms钢板融合内固定术相似,同时具有保留寰枢椎运动功能的显著优势。结论我们所设计的非限制型人工寰齿关节能够从结构和功能上对寰枢椎进行仿生,达到了兼顾寰枢椎稳定性和运动功能的双重目的,为寰枢椎疾患的手术治疗提供了一种选择,符合颈椎非融合技术的发展趋势。Objective To establish an in vivo animal model of artificial atlanto-odontoid joint arthroplasty, explore suitable surgical methods and lay a theoretical foundation for subsequent clinical application. Methods The uncon-strained artificial atlanto-odontoid joint for canines were designed and manufactured based on the anatomical data of 15 sets of normal atlantoaxial dry specimens ＆om canines. 18 healthy adult male mongrel canines were randomly divided into three groups： normal control group, prosthesis replacement group and Harms plate fusion fixation group. The op-erative time, blood loss, surgical complications, and postoperative recovery of experimental animals was compared by general observation and imaging examinations after surgery. Results Artificial atlantw-odontoid joint was easy to operate and does not cause side injury. Postoperative radiographs and three-dimensional CT showed that the prosthesis was in the correct position. The screws were located in the pre-designed screw passages, and there was no loosening of the prosthesis and compression of the spinal cord. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss and surgical recovery time were similar to those of Harms plate fusion and internal fixation group, and they also had significant advantages in preserving move-ment of the atlantoaxial complex. Conclusion The unconstrained artificial atlanto-odontoid joint prosthesis designed by us can be bionic on the atlantoaxial in terms of structure and function, achieving the dual purpose of balancing the stability and movement function of the atlantoaxial. This technique provides an option for surgical treatment of atlantoaxial disor-ders, in line with the development trend of the cervical spine non-fusion technology.

关 键 词：寰枢椎 人工寰齿关节 动物模型 非融合 

分 类 号：R314[医药卫生—基础医学]