水泥厂对周边环境及烟叶重金属积累的影响  

Effects of cement production on surrounding environment and heavy metal accumulation in tobacco leaves

作　　者：王爱国[1] 张仕祥[1] 戴华鑫[1] 夏海乾 王广山[1] 张晓娟[3] 张艳玲[1] WANG Aiguo1, ZHANG Shixiang1, DAI Huaxin1, XIA Haiqian2, WANG Guangshan1, ZHANG Xiaojuan3, ZHANG Yanling1(1. Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China 2. Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang 550081, China 3. Pingdingshan Branch of Henan Provincial Tobacco Company, Pingdingshan 467000, Henan, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 [2]贵州省烟草科学研究院 [3]河南省烟草公司平顶山市公司,河南省平顶山市建设路西段467000

出　　处：《烟草科技》2018年第3期7-14,共8页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：中国烟草总公司科技重点项目"大气沉降对烟叶重金属的影响研究"(110201402019)

摘　　要：为了明确水泥厂对于周边环境及烟叶重金属含量(质量分数)的影响,分析了黄淮平原区和西南山区的两个水泥厂周边大气重金属沉降、土壤以及烟叶重金属含量随距离的变化。结果表明,水泥厂对周边土壤重金属含量影响较小;黄淮平原区水泥厂周边1.5~3.5 km、西南山区水泥厂周边1.0 km处重金属沉降通量有所升高,铅、镉、砷、铬和镍的最大与最小沉降通量比值在1.7~2.8之间。黄淮平原区水泥厂下风向采样点上部烟叶铅、镉、砷、铬和镍最高含量分别为上风向采样点的2.26、3.09、2.44、3.72和1.78倍,峰值出现在1.0~4.0 km之间,而西南山区水泥厂这5种金属最高含量分别为最低含量的1.34、1.19、2.32、3.41和4.66倍,峰值出现在1.0~1.5 km处。可见,烟草生长对大气环境较为敏感,水泥厂对平原季风气候地区环境影响范围较大,而对山区环境影响相对较小。To clarify the influences of cement production on heavy metal contents in tobacco leaves and surrounding environment,two cement plants located in Huanghuai Plain and Southwest mountainous area were studied. The variations of deposition fluxes of heavy metals in the surrounding atmosphere and the heavy metal contents in surrounding farmland soil and tobacco leaves along with the distance from the cement plants were analyzed. The results showed that the effect of cement production on heavy metal contents in surrounding farmland soil was relatively light. The deposition fluxes of heavy metals in the atmosphere raised at 1.5-3.5 km and 1.0 km away from the cement plants in Huanghuai Plain and Southwest mountainous area,respectively. The maximum/minimum ratios of Pb,Cd,As,Cr and Ni deposition fluxes in the atmosphere were in the range of1.7-2.8. Comparing with the upper tobacco leaves grown in the upwind direction,the highest contents of Pb,Cd,As,Cr and Ni in upper tobacco leaves in the downwind direction of the cement plant in Huanghuai Plain were 2.26,3.09,2.44,3.72 and 1.78 times,respectively; and the peaks of heavy metal contents in upper tobacco leaves were at 1.0-4.0 km downwind of the cement plant. However,in places surrounding the cement plant in Southwest area,the maximum contents of Pb,Cd,As,Cr and Ni were 1.34,1.19,2.32,3.41 and 4.66 times of the minimum in upper leaves,respectively; and the peaks were at 1.0-1.5 km away from the cement plant. In conclusion,tobacco is a sensitive indicator of atmospheric environment,and the influences of cement plant on plain at monsoon region are larger than those on mountainous area.

关 键 词：烟叶 水泥厂 大气沉降 重金属 

分 类 号：S572.061[农业科学—烟草工业]