Potential aspect of rice husk biomass in Australia for nanocrystalline cellulose production  

作　　者：Md.Sakinul Islam Nhol Kao Sati N.Bhattacharya Rahul Gupta Hyoung Jin Choi 

机构地区：[1]Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University [2]Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University

出　　处：《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》2018年第3期465-476,共12页中国化学工程学报（英文版）

基　　金：funded by RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia

摘　　要：Nanocrystalline cellulose(NCC) was produced from rice husk biomass(Oryza sativa) by a chemical extraction process to explore the potential aspect of agro-waste biomass in Australia. In this work, the delignified rice husk pulp(D-RHP) was produced by alkaline delignification of raw rice husk biomass(R-RHB) using 4 mol·L^(-1) alkali solutions(Na OH) in a jacketed glass reactor under specific experimental conditions. D-RHP was bleached using 15% sodium hypochlorite, and the bleached rice husk pulp was coded as B-RHP. Finally,raw suspension of NCC was produced by the acid hydrolysis of B-RHP using 4 mol·L^(-1) sulphuric acid. The raw suspension of NCC was neutralized by a buffer solution and analyzed by TAPPI, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, AFM, and TEM. FT-IR spectra of NCC are different to R-RHB but similar with B-RHP and D-RHP. From XRD results, the crystallinity of NCC was found to be approximately 65%. In AFM analysis particle thicknesses have been confirmed to be in the range of(25 ± 15.14) nm or(27 ± 15.14) nm which is almost the same. From TEM analysis particle dimensions have been confirmed to be in the range of(50 ± 29.38) nm width and(550 ± 302.75) nm length with the aspect ratio ~ 11:1(length/diameter) at a 500 nm scale bar. On the other hand, at a 200 nm scale bar the particle dimensions have been confirmed to be in the range of(35 ± 17) nm width and(275 ± 151.38)nm length with the aspect ratio ~ 8:1. The aspect ratio of individual crystalline domain was determined in TEM analysis which is 10:1(100/10). Therefore the aspect ratios and dimensions of nanoparticles in NCC suspension are almost the same and in nano-meter scale, as confirmed from both AFM and TEM results. The yield of NCC from B-RHP was found to be approximately 95%, and the recovery of cellulose from R-RHB is about 90%.Nanocrystalline cellulose （NCC） was produced from rice husk biomass （Oryza sativa） by a chemical extraction process to explore the potential aspect of agro-waste biomass in Australia. In this work, the delignified rice husk pulp （D-RHP） was produced by alkaline delignification of raw rice husk biomass （R-RHB） using 4 mol·L^-1 alkali solutions （NaOH） in a jacketed glass reactor under specific experimental conditions. D-RHP was bleached using 15% sodium hypochlorite, and the bleached rice husk pulp was coded as B-RHP. Finally, raw suspension of NCC was produced by the acid hydrolysis of B-RHP using 4 mol·L^-1 sulphuric acid. The raw suspension of NCC was neutralized by a buffer solution and analyzed by TAPPI, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, AFM, and TEM. FT-IR spectra of NCC are different to R-RHB but similar with B-RHP and D-RHP. From XRD results, the crystallinity of NCC was found to be approximately 65%. In AFM analysis particle thicknesses have been confirmed to be in the range of （25 ±15.14） nm or （27 ±15.14） nm which is almost the same. From TEM analysis particle dimensions have been confirmed to be in the range of （50 ±29.38） nm width and （550 ±302.75） nm length with the aspect ratio^11：1 （length/diameter） at a 500 nm scale bar. On the other hand, at a 200 nm scale bar the particle dimensions have been confirmed to be in the range of （35 ±17） nm width and （275 ±151.38） nm length with the aspect ratio^8：1. The aspect ratio of individual crystalline domain was determined in TEM analysis which is 10：1 （100/10）. Therefore the aspect ratios and dimensions of nanoparticles in NCC suspension are almost the same and in nano-meter scale, as confirmed from both AFM and TEM results. The yield of NCC from B-RHP was found to be approximately 95%, and the recovery of cellulose from R-RHB is about 90%.

关 键 词：Nanocrystalline cellulose Rice husk Agro-waste biomass Delignification Bleaching Acid hydrolysis 

分 类 号：TQ352.79[化学工程]