经皮椎体成形术对骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折患者生物力学的影响研究  

Effects of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty on Biomechanics of Patients with Osteoporotic Thoracolumbar Fractures

作　　者：何盛为 陈秉智[1] 秦睿贤 杜广宇 米立东[2] HE Sheng-wei1,2,CHEN Bing-zhi1,QIN Rui-xian1,DU Guang-yu2,MI Li-dong2(1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China; 2 Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, Chin)

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学机械工程学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连医科大学附属第二医院骨科,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2018年第4期705-708,749,共5页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

摘　　要：目的:探讨经皮椎体成形术对骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折患者生物力学的影响。方法:选取9具冻存新鲜尸体的胸腰段脊柱开展研究,并应用随机数字表法分为观察组、对照1组和对照2组,每组各3具。观察组、对照1组均制作成骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折模型,观察组经椎弓根注入含有对比剂的低粘度骨水泥,对照1组置入椎弓根螺钉内固定,分别于术前和术后测量两组椎体的主要生物力学指标(最大抗压强度、刚度、高度),对照2组则作为参照,仅测量一次,对三组生物力学指标检测结果进行统计分析。结果:观察组椎体术前的最大抗压强度、刚度、高度与对照1组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但两组术前最大抗压强度、刚度较对照2组降低,而高度较对照2组升高(P<0.05)。观察组和对照2组术后的最大抗压强度、刚度均较对照1组升高,高度较对照1组降低(P<0.05),而观察组术后的最大抗压强度、刚度、高度与对照2组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:应用经皮椎体成形术对骨质疏松性腰椎骨折患者实施治疗,能够有效恢复患者椎体生物力学,效果确切。Objective： To investigate the effects of percutaneous vertebroplasty on the biomechanics of patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures. Methods： A total of 9 frozen fresh cadavers of the thoracolumbar spine were selected for this research and randomly divided into observation group（n=3）, control group 1（n=3） and control group 2（n=3）. The observation group and the control group 1 were made into osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture models; the observation group was injected with low viscosity bone cement with contrast medium, and the control group 1 was treated with pedicle screw fixation; the main biomechanical indexes（maximum compressive strength, stiffness and height） of the two groups were measured before and after operation. The control group 2 was taken as a reference only, measured only once. The detection results of biomechanical indexes of the three groups were statistically analyzed.Results： There were no significant differences in the maximum compressive strength, stiffness and height before operation between the observation group and the control group 1（P〈0.05）. However, the maximum compressive strength and stiffness of the two groups were lower than those of the control group 2, and the height was higher than that of the control group 2（P〈0.05）. After operation, the maximal compressive strength and stiffness of the observation group and the control group 2 were higher than those of the control group 1, and the height was lower than that of the control group 1（P〈0.05）, while there were no significant differences in the maximum compressive strength, stiffness and height after operation between the observation group and the control group 2（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The application of percutaneous vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fractures can effectively restore the biomechanical properties of patients, and the effects are exact.

关 键 词：骨质疏松 胸腰椎骨折 经皮椎体成形术 生物力学 影响 

分 类 号：R683[医药卫生—骨科学]