2014—2015年中国西南地区结核分枝杆菌临床分离株耐药情况  被引量:6

Drug resistance surveillance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Southwest China from 2014 to 2015

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作  者:马爱静[1] 段新福 侯萍 赵雁林[4] MA Ai-jing , DUAN Xin-fu , HOU Ping , ZHAO Yan-lin(Department of Tuberculosis Control , National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center Jbr Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, Chin)

机构地区:[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所结核病室,北京102206 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区石河子市疾病预防控制中心结核病防治科 [3]哈尔滨市结核病防治所检验科 [4]中国疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制中心国家结核病参比实验室

出  处:《中国防痨杂志》2018年第4期384-391,共8页Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis

摘  要:目的通过耐药监测了解中国西南地区肺结核患者的耐药状况。方法选取2014-2015年重庆市、四川省、云南省的8个国家耐药监测点收集的610例涂阳肺结核患者的结核分枝杆菌临床分离株,采用固体比例法药物敏感性试验(简称“药敏试验”)对异烟肼(INH)、利福平(RFP)、乙胺丁醇(EMB)、链霉素(Sm)共4种一线抗结核药物及卡那霉素(Km)、氧氟沙星(Ofx)、卷曲霉素(Cm)、丙硫异烟胺(Pto)、对氨基水杨酸钠(PAS)共5种二线抗结核药物进行药敏试验检测。对9种药物的总耐药率、单耐药率、耐药顺位、耐多药率,以及不同地区、不同年份耐药率的差异进行分析。结果结核分枝杆菌分离株对9种抗结核药物的总体耐药率和耐多药率分别是19.51%(119/610)和5.74%(35/610)。各抗结核药物的耐药顺位由高到低依次为INH(11.97%,73/610)、Sm(10.66%,65/610)、RFP(6.56%,40/610)、Ofx(6.56%,40/610)、PAS(2.62%,16/610)、Km(2.13%,13/610)、EMB(1.15%,7/610)、Cm(0.49%,3/610)、Pto(0.16%,1/610)。统计结果显示,西南地区8个监测点结核分枝杆菌临床分离株的耐多药率四川省通江县最高,为16.36%(9/55);INH耐药率四川省通江县最高,为23.64%(13/55);Km耐药率四川省通江县最高,为10.91%(6/55)。不同年份之间结核分枝杆菌临床分离株的总耐药率[2014年为20.08%(51/254);2015年为19.10%(68/356)]及耐多药率[2014年为4.72%(12/254);2015年为6.46%(23/356)]差异均无统计学意义(x^2=0.09,P=0.764;x^2=0.83,P=0.363)。结论中国西南地区耐药情况较为严峻,应加强该地区耐药结核病的监测。Objective To investigate the drug resistance of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in southwest China through drug resistance surveillance. Methods A total of 610 Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains isolated from smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients collected from 8 national drug-resistant surveillance sites in Chongqing, Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces from 2014 to 2015 were analyzed by the drug susceptibility test (DST) of the proportion method for four first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs including Isoniazid (INH), Rifampicin (RFP), Ethambutol (EMB) and Streptomycin (Sm), as well as five secon&line anti-tuberculosis drugs including Kanamycin (Km), Ofloxaein (Ofx), Capreomycin (Cm), Protionamide (Pro) and para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS). The total drug resistance rate, mono-resistance rate, drug resistance spectrum and multi-drug resistance rate (MDR) of MTB were analyzed. The differences in drug resistance rates by different regions and years were also analyzed. Results To the nine anti-tuberculosis drugs, the overall resistance rate and MDR rate were 19.51% (119/610) and 5.74% (35/610), respectively. Drug resistance rates ranked from high to low as INH (11.97%, 73/610), Sin (10. 66%,65/610), RFP (6.56%, 40/610), Ofx (6.56%, 40/610), PAS (2.62%,16/610), Km (2.13%, 13/610), EMB (1.15%, 7/610), Cm (0.49%, 3/610), and Pro (0.16%, 1/610). Among the 8 monitoring sites in southwest China, the statistical results showed that the highest MDR rate was 16.36% (9/55) in Tongjiang County, Sichuan Province; the highest INH resistance rate was 23.64% (13/55) in Tongjiang County,Sichuan Province; the highest Km resistance rate was 10. 91% (6/55) in Tongjiang County, Sichuan Province. There was no significant difference in drug resistance rate (year 2014 (20. 08%, 51/254); year 2015 (19.10%, 68/356)) and MDR rate (year 2014 (4.72%, 12/254); year 2015 (6.46%, 23/356)) between different years �

关 键 词:分枝杆菌 结核 结核 抗多种药物性 哨点监测 小地区分析 

分 类 号:R378.911[医药卫生—病原生物学]

 

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