颅脑损伤后意识障碍的针灸治疗特点分析  

Analysis of Characteristics of Treatment with Acupuncture and Moxibustion for Disorders of Consciousness Following Craniocerebral Injury

作　　者：杜若桑[1] 郑淑美[1] 苑鸿雯[1] 王宝华[1] 崔海[1] DU Ruosang,ZHENG Shumei,YUAN Hongwen,WANG Baohua,CUI Hal(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,Chin)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学中医药学院

出　　处：《山东中医杂志》2018年第4期289-292,337,共5页Shandong Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

摘　　要：目的 ：通过整理分析针灸治疗颅脑损伤后意识障碍的临床文献,探讨其治疗特点。方法 ：检索中国知网数据库（CNKI）、维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）、万方中文期刊数据库以及Pub Med数据库自建库至2017年1月1日发表的针灸治疗颅脑损伤后意识障碍的临床文献,对纳入文献的随机情况与盲法、患者特点、针灸方法、选穴特点、针刺手法、电针参数、治疗频次、治疗时长、疗效、随访情况、针灸安全性进行归纳总结。结果：纳入文献对随机、盲法、随访情况和安全性的说明欠详细;针灸治疗对象多为昏迷患者;最常用的针灸方法为单纯针刺和电针;应用频率较高的穴位是水沟、百会、内关、三阴交、涌泉、合谷、印堂、足三里,常伴重刺激手法;电针波形最常采用疏密波,电流强度以局部肌肉抽动为度;治疗多每日1次,每次0.5 h;治疗周期多在1个月或1个月以上;格拉斯哥昏迷（GCS）评分为最常用的疗效指标。结论：针灸治疗颅脑损伤后意识障碍具有一定疗效,但其确切疗效还有待于高质量临床研究的验证。Objective： Clinical literature about treating disorders of consciousness following craniocerebral in- jury with acupuncture and moxibustion was collected Methods： The randomization, blindness, characteristics and analyzed to explore the treatment characteristics. of patients,methods of acupuncture and moxibustion, characteristics of acupoints selection,manipulation,electroacupuncture parameters,frequency of treatment,treatment period,curative efficacy,follow-up and safety were collected and summarized from related literature searched in CNKI,VIP,Wanfang and PubMed database. The retrieval date range was from their establishment to January 1,2017. Results：The included randomized controlled trials failed to give a detailed description of the condition of randomization ,blindness ,follow-up and safety of the research. Most patients were unconscious. Pure acupuncture and electroacupuncture were most frequently used. The acupoints used with higher frequency were Shuigou（GV26）,Baihui（GV20）,Neiguan（PC6）,Sanyinjia,（SP6）Yongquan（KI1）,Hegu（LI4）,Yin- tang（GV29） ,Zusanli（ST26） which were usually stimulated heavily. In the treatment with electroacupuncture, the most frequently used waveform was dilatational wave and the current should make the muscle twitch. Most treatment frequency was once a day for 30 minutes. Most treatments continued one month or more than one month. The GCS score was the most commonly used therapeutic index. Conclusion：Acupuncture and moxibustion are effective for disorders of consciousness following craniocerebral injury,but high-quality study is expected to verify the efficacy.

关 键 词：颅脑损伤 意识障碍 针灸 治疗特点 

分 类 号：R246.6[医药卫生—针灸推拿学]