云南暗褐网柄牛肝菌发生地的特点及土壤分析  

Analysis on Soil Condition and Properties of Growing Area of Phlebopus portentosus in Yunnan Province

作　　者：刘静[1] 高锋[1] 张春霞[1] 何明霞[1] 许欣景 王文兵[1] 杨天伟[1] 方艺伟[1] 曹旸[1] 王云[1] LIU Jing, GAO Feng, ZHANG Chunxia, HE Mingxia, XU Xinj ing, WANG Wenbing, YANG Tianwei, FANG Yiwei, CAO Yang, WANG Yun(Research Center of Plant Protection and Microbial Utilization, Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops, Jinghong, Yunnan 66610)

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所植物保护与微生物利用研究中心,云南景洪666100

出　　处：《北方园艺》2018年第7期139-146,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：云南省重点资助项目(2017FA017);云南省科研院所技术开发专项资助项目(2015DC014);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31560008);中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养资助项目(326);云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设专项资助项目(RF2017-10)

摘　　要：以云南10个暗褐网柄牛肝菌发生地的土样为试材,调查发生地的生境及出菇情况,并采用主成分分析法对其土壤肥力进行评价,研究土壤肥力对暗褐网柄牛肝菌出菇的影响。结果表明:暗褐网柄牛肝菌发生地的海拔范围在613~1 370 m,东经100°05'~101°32',北纬21°40'~25°03';暗褐网柄牛肝菌出菇较好的是嘎栋的凤凰木树下,每3 m2≥1个,其次是临沧幸福镇的枇杷树下,每4 m2≥1,出菇较差的是打洛的桃树下,每40 m2≥1;凤凰木树根上较易感染牛肝菌菌丝并形成菌腔虫瘿,菌腔虫瘿量与牛肝菌的发生量成正比关系;土壤肥力综合排名得分为幸福镇>东风>星火山(低)>试验基地>振东果林农场>嘎栋>景洪勐养>打洛>资源圃>星火山(高),幸福镇土壤肥力综合得分排第1位,出菇也较多,表明土壤的肥力对暗褐网柄牛肝菌的出菇起着非常重要的作用。Ten growing areas soil samples which obtained from of Phlebopus portentosus growing areas in Yunnan Province were used as test materials, the ecological environment of growing areas and fruiting situation of Phlebopus portentosus were investigated. The soil fertility was evaluated by using principal component analysis, the effects of soil fertility on fruiting bodies of Phlebopus portentosus was studied. The results showed that, the altitude of growing areas of Phlebopus portentosus was 613--1 370 m, the east longitude was 100°05′-101°32′, north latitude was 21°40′- 25°03′. The fruiting bodies of Phlebopus portentosus were better under the phoenix tree of Gadong, every 3 m^2 ≥1, followed by the loquat tree of Happy town Lincang, every 4 m^2 ≥1, fruiting bodies of Phlebopus portentosus were worse under the peach tree of Daluo,every 40 m2≥l. The root of phoenix tree was easy to be infected mycelia of Phlebopus portentosus and formed fungus-insect gall,the amount of the fungus-insect gall was proportional to the amount of the occurrence of Phlebopus portentosus. The comprehensive score ranking was,Happy town〉Dongfeng〉New volcano（low）〉Test base〉 Forest Farm of Zhendong〉 Gadong〉 Menyang Jinghong〉 Daluo〉 Resource nursery〉 New volcano （high）. The comprehensive score of the soil fertility of Happy town Lincang ranked first, the fruiting bodies of Phlebopus portentosus was also more. The soil fertility played a very important role for fruiting bodies of Phlebopus portentosus.

关 键 词：暗褐网柄牛肝菌 土壤肥力 综合评价 

分 类 号：S646.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]