南海地区海洋生态损害法律治理机制研究  

Research on the Legal Regulation System of Marine Ecological Damage in the South China Sea Area

作　　者：刘道远 王洁玉 LIU Dao-yuan;WANG Jie-yu(Law School, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;Commercial Law Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学法学院,海南海口570228 [2]北京工商大学商法研究中心,北京100048

出　　处：《海南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2018年第2期18-29,共12页Journal of Hainan University （Humanities & Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金课题(12BFX079)

摘　　要：海洋生态对人类社会的生存具有十分重要的意义,它不仅能够提供物质资源,也是人类环境权的重要内容。海洋生态损害具有国际性、大规模性和难以救济性特点。对南海地区海洋生态进行保护是我国南海地区海洋发展战略的重要内容之一,对之进行保护必须顺应海洋生态保护的特点和要求,建立科学的法律治理机制。从各国实践来看,海洋生态损害救济机制有公法救济、私法救济和社会救济三种基本模式。从海洋生态损害本身的属性和我国的立法情况来看,建立以私法救济为核心的综合性救济法律机制是我国的应然选择。为了强化海洋生态损害救济制度的预防功能,建议在侵权责任法上明确海洋生态损害的危险责任归责原则,在刑法上明确海洋生态犯罪的危险犯类型。Marine ecology is of great significance for the survival of human society, providing while constituting an important content of the human environmental rights. Marine ecological material resources damage is kind of international, large-scale and difficult to remedy. Protection of marine ecology in the South China Sea, as one of the important contents in the strategy of China＇ s marine development in the South China Sea area, must follow the features and requirements of marine ecological protection and set up the scientific legal regulation system. According to the practice in various countries, relief mechanism for marine ecological damage mainly include three basic models, namely the public law relief, the private law relief and the social relief. In terms of the in- herent attribute of marine ecological damage and the legislation of China, it is an appropriate choice for China to establish a comprehensive mechanism of relief law centered on the private law relief. In order to strengthen pre- caution function of the relief system for marine ecological damage, it is suggested that the the dangers of marine ecological damage should be clarified on the Tort Liability Act of the dangerous crime of marine ecological crime should be clearly defined in the criminal law.

关 键 词：南海地区 海洋生态损害 救济 机制 

分 类 号：D993.5[政治法律—国际法学]