膝关节伸肌最大等速向心和离心收缩运动前后神经肌肉疲劳的研究  

A Study on the Neuromuscular Fatigue before and after Maximal Isokinetic Concentric and Eccentric Contractions of Knee Extensor

作　　者：陈万[1] 李换平[2] 王海宁 张懿 王颖 杨峰 CHEN Wan;LI Huanping;WANG Haining;ZHANG Yi;WANG Ying;YANG Feng(Experimental Centre, Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, China;School of Graduate Education, Shandong Sport University, Ji- nan 250102, China;Dept. of Competitive Sports, Guizhou Research Institute of Sports Science, Guiyang 550002, China)

机构地区：[1]山东体育学院实验中心,山东济南250102 [2]山东体育学院研究生教育学院,山东济南250102 [3]贵州省体育科学研究所竞技体育科室,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2017年第4期338-343,共6页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(项目编号:ZR2015CL036);山东省科技发展计划项目(项目编号:2014GSF122002)

摘　　要：目的:采用电刺激检测技术对膝关节伸肌最大等速向心和离心收缩运动后神经肌肉功能进行检测,探索向心和离心收缩运动前后神经肌肉疲劳的变化及产生部位。方法:15名青年男性受试者在等速肌力测试仪(Iso Med 2 000)上分别完成膝关节伸肌最大等速向心收缩运动和离心收缩运动试验(角速度:60(°)/s;5组×10次,组间间歇时间1 min;离心收缩运动试验在向心收缩运动试验1周后进行)。每次试验前后测量受试者最大随意收缩力量(MVC),记录运动过程中每次收缩平均力矩和平均做功的值;运动前后使用电刺激检测技术对受试者进行神经肌肉功能检测,对MVC、RFD-MVC、Pt、RFD-Pt、RHR-Pt、Pt10/Pt100及中枢激活水平Va进行提取和分析。结果:(1)在离心收缩运动过程中各组平均力矩和平均做功显著高于向心收缩运动(P<0.01);膝关节平均力矩和平均做功在向心收缩运动过程中随运动持续呈下降趋势,在离心收缩运动过程中呈上升趋势,但变化均不显著(P>0.05)。(2)向心收缩运动后MVC由运动前(277.05±54.21)Nm下降到(231.14±48.49)Nm(P<0.01),离心收缩运动后MVC由运动前(276.14±43.21)Nm下降到(252.85±31.45)Nm(P<0.05)。(3)向心收缩运动后Pt由运动前(58.23±9.25)Nm下降到(46.07±9.32)Nm(P<0.01),离心收缩运动后Pt由运动前(58.52±10.01)Nm略上升为(59.07±4.57)Nm,二者无显著性差异(P>0.05)。向心收缩运动后Pt10/Pt100无显著性变化,离心运动后Pt10/Pt100由运动前106.10±8.47下降为91.81±3.8(P<0.01),Pt10/Pt100下降率为(13.47±2.76)%,显著高于向心运动Pt10/Pt100的下降率(P<0.01)。(4)向心收缩运动后Va由运动前(80.92±5.31)%下降至(78.78±1.41)%(P<0.05),离心收缩运动后Va由运动前(81.10±3.54)%下降至(75.62±1.01)%(P<0.01),离心收缩Va下降率为(6.90±0.98)%,显著高于向心收缩运动后Va的下降率(2.66±0.63)%(P<0.05)。结论:膝关节伸肌50次最大等速向心、离心收缩运动过程中,离�Objective：Electrical stimulation test was used to detect the neuromuscular function after maximal isokinetic concentric and eccentric contraction ofknee extensors,and to explore the changes of neuromuscular fatigue before and after concentric and eccentric contraction exercises and the site of their produc-tion. Methods：Fifteen young male subjects completed respectively maximal isokinetic concentric contraction and eccentric contraction exercises（angular veloci-ty：60（°）/s;5 groups×10 repetitions,1 min of intermittent interval;the eccentric contraction exercise experiment was performed one week after the concentriccontraction exercise experiment）of knee extensor muscle on the isokinetic dynamometer（Iso Med2000）.The maximal voluntary contraction torque（MVC）of thesubjects was measured before and after each experiment,and the average torque and work of each contraction during the exercise was recorded. The neuromuscu-lar function of the subjects was measured by electrical stimulation before and after exercise. The related indexes such as MVC,RFD-MVC,Pt,RFD-Pt,RHR-Pt,Pt10/Pt100 and voluntary activation（Va）were extracted and analyzed. Results：1）In the process of eccentric contraction,the average torque and average workof each group were significantly higher than those of the concentric contraction respectively（P0.01）;The average torque and work in the process of concentriccontraction exercise showed downtrend along with the continuing exercise,while showed uptrend in the process of eccentric contraction exercise,but no signifi-cant change（P0.05）.2）The MVC was reduced to（231.14±48.49）Nm from（277.05±54.21）Nm（P0.01）after the concentric contraction,and reduced to（252.85±31.45）Nm from（276.14±43.21）Nm（P0.05）after eccentric contraction.3）The Pt decreased from（58.23±9.25）Nm to（46.07±9.32）Nm（P0.01）afterconcentric contraction,and slightly increased from（58.52 ± 10.01）Nm to（59.07±4.57）Nm after eccentric contraction with no significant

关 键 词：离心收缩 神经肌肉疲劳 中枢疲劳 外周疲劳 

分 类 号：G804.6[文化科学—运动人体科学]