厚壁毛竹与毛竹地下茎发育规律的比较  

Morphological and cellular characterization of rhizome development of Phyllostachys edulis 'Pachyloen' and Phyllostachys edulis

作　　者：魏强[1] 高志鹏 陈铭 曹俊杰[1] 郭琳 于芬[2] 杨光耀[2] 丁雨龙[1] WEI Qiang1 , GAO Zhipeng1, CHEN Ming1, CAO Junjie1 , GUO Lin1, YU Fen3, YANG Guangyao3, DING Yulong1(1. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; 2. Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang 330045, Chin)

机构地区：[1]南方现代林业协同创新中心南京林业大学竹类研究所,江苏南京210037 [2]江西农业大学江西省竹子种质资源与利用重点实验室,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第2期197-201,共5页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项项目(201504106);国家自然科学基金项目(31670602;31301808);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：【目的】进一步解析厚壁毛竹茎秆节间壁厚腔小的细胞学机制。【方法】通过石蜡切片观察细胞学结构差异,采用超椭圆方程精确描述顶端分生组织外轮廓。【结果】厚壁毛竹竹鞭实心、无髓腔、横切面布满维管束组织,而毛竹竹鞭横切面中心为髓腔。连续纵切及横切切片显示,厚壁毛竹鞭笋顶端分生组织在发育过程中未分化出髓组织;且厚壁毛竹顶端分生组织相比于毛竹,形态细长、细胞数目多、面积大,但细胞层数相似。数学建模分析显示,毛竹与厚壁毛竹顶端分生组织外轮廓均可以被超椭圆方程精确描述,但是毛竹长轴与水平轴的夹角约呈45°,而厚壁毛竹的夹角近乎90°,显著不同于毛竹。在光学显微镜下与毛竹比较,厚壁毛竹顶端分生组织细胞的细胞质浓、形态更规整。【结论】厚壁毛竹顶端分生组织形态及结构异常是导致其竹鞭实心的细胞学原因。【Objective】The present study aims to disclose the cellular mechanism underlying the thick wall phenotype with small pith cavity of the Phyllostachys edulis ‘Pachyloen＇rhizome. 【Method】A paraffin section observation was used to compare the cell structure. Gielis＇ superellipse equation was used to precisely analyze the morphology of the shoot apical meristem（ SAM） of the thick wall variant and wild-type（ WT） moso plants.【Results】The results revealed that the apical meristem of the thick wall variant,which is thinner and longer with a larger area and more cells,does not differentiate into any visible pith tissues. However,it does differentiate into more vascular tissues. Outlines of the apical meristems of both the thick wall variant and WT moso plants could be precisely described by the superellipse formula. However,the angle between the horizontal axis and the major axis of the thick wall variant was near 90 degrees,whereas that of the WT moso was about 45 degrees. Additionally,the SAM cell morphology of the thick wall variant was more regular with a denser protoplasm than that of the WT moso.【Conclusion】Our results indicated that the abnormal structure of the SAM of the thick wall variant moso possibly results in its solid rhizome internode phenotype.

关 键 词：厚壁毛竹 毛竹 顶端分生组织 竹鞭 维管组织形成 髓组织 

分 类 号：S718.3[农业科学—林学] S795