2010—2016年南通市崇川区托幼机构及中小学校传染病暴发疫情流行病学特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of infectious disease outbreaks in cbildcare institutions,primary schools and secondary schools of Chongchuan District of Nantong City from 2010-2016

作　　者：祁志刚 陈亮 陶长余[3] 韩颖颖[4] QI Zhi-gang;CHEN Liang;TAO Chang-yu;HAN Ying-ying(a Director Office, b Second Office for Disease Prevention, Chongchuan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nantong City, Nantong Jiangsu, 226001, China;a Office for Disinfection and Vector Borne Disease Prevention, b Office for Health Education and Non-communicable Chronic Disease Prevention, Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Nantang Jiangsu, 226007, China)

机构地区：[1]南通市崇川区疾病预防控制中心主任室,江苏南通22600 [2]南通市崇川区疾病预防控制中心疾病控制二科,江苏南通226001 [3]南通市疾病预防控制中心消毒与病媒生物防制科,江苏南通226007 [4]南通市疾病预防控制中心健康教育与慢性病防制科,江苏南通226007

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第4期540-542,546,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析南通市崇川区托幼机构及中小学校传染病暴发疫情的流行特征,为制定科学合理的预防控制措施提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对南通市崇川区2010—2016年托幼机构及中小学校传染病暴发疫情资料进行统计分析。结果 2010—2016年南通市崇川区托幼机构及中小学校累计报告传染病暴发疫情285起,共计发病1 645例,平均罹患率为0.49%,无死亡病例。暴发疫情有明显的季节分布特征,5、11及12月最高。疫情主要集中在托幼机构和小学,占总起数的97.90%。托幼机构中,暴发病种以手足口病为主,占总起数的94.90%;小学中,暴发病种以流感样病例、水痘为主,分别占总起数的42.62%、37.70%;中学中,暴发病种以流行性腮腺炎、水痘为主,分别占总起数的50.00%、33.33%。结论托幼机构手足口病暴发疫情、小学呼吸道传染病暴发疫情是重点防控对象,应结合季节性波动特点开展针对性防控、提高相关疫苗接种率、开展健康教育以进一步减少疫情暴发。[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of infectious disease outbreaks in cbildcare institutions,primary schools and secondary schools of Chongchuan District of Nantong City, provide a basis for developing the scientific prevention and control measures. [Methods] The methods of descriptive epidemiology were used to analyze the data of infectious disease outbreaks in cbildcare institutions, primary schools and secondary schools of Chongchuan District of Nantong City from 2010 to 2016. [Results] A total of 285 infectious disease outbreaks in nurseries, primary schools and secondary schools were reported in Chongchuan District of Nantong City from 2010 to 2016, involving 1 645 patients, with the attack rate of 0.49%, and there was no death case. The outbreaks had obvious seasonal distribution characteristics, with the peaks in May, November and December. The cbildcare institutions and primary schools were the major place, accounting for 97.90%. The major disease of outbreaks in cbildcare institutions was hand-foot-and-mouth disease, accounting for 94.90%. The major diseased of outbreaks in primary schools were influenza like illness and chickenpox, which accounted for 42.62% and 37.70% respectively. The major diseased of outbreaks in secondary schools, were epidemic mumps and chickenpox which accounted for 50.00% and 33.33%respectively. [Conclusion] The outbreak of hand-foot-mouth disease in cbildcare institutions and that of respiratory infectious diseases in primary schools are the key targets. It is necessary to carry out targeted prevention and control according to the characteristics of seasonal fluctuation,improve the vaccination rate of the related vaccines,and implement the health education,to reduce the outbreak of infectious diseases.

关 键 词：托幼机构 学校 传染病 暴发 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]