2016年中国城市臭氧浓度的时空变化规律  

Spatial and temporal variations of ozone concentrations in China in 2016

作　　者：李霄阳 李思杰 刘鹏飞[2] 孔云峰[1,2] 宋宏权[1,2,3,4] LI Xiaoyang1,2,3, LI Sijie2, LIU Pengfei2, KONG Yunfeng1,2, SONG Hongquan1,2,3,4(1. Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004 2. College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004 3. Institute of Urban Big Data, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004 4. Hanan Key Laboratory of Integrated Air Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Kaifeng 47500)

机构地区：[1]黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室,开封475004 [2]河南大学环境与规划学院,开封475004 [3]河南大学城市大数据研究所,开封475004 [4]河南省大气污染综合防治与生态安全重点实验室,开封475004

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2018年第4期1263-1274,共12页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.41401107);河南大学科技成果转化项目(No.2015YBZH001);河南省政府决策研究课题(No.2016B088);河南省基础前沿与技术研究项目(No.162300410132)~~

摘　　要：随着城市化进程的加快和机动车保有量的急剧增加,导致我国很多地区臭氧(O_3)前体物(挥发性有机物和氮氧化物)排放量显著增加,臭氧污染现象日益突出.臭氧污染对人体健康、植被生长、生态环境等具有重要影响,已成为学术界研究的热点.为揭示全国尺度近地面臭氧的时空变化规律,本文基于2016年中国364个城市的监测数据分析了中国城市O_3浓度的时空变化特征,并采用Global Moran's I和Getis-Ord G*i指数,揭示了2016年中国城市O_3污染的空间集聚和冷热点区域的时空特征.结果表明,在全国尺度上,2016年中国城市年均O_3浓度为100.2μg·m^(-3),北方城市和南方城市O_3浓度分别具有显著的倒"V"和"M"型月变化规律,且呈现夏季高、春秋季居中、冬季最低的特征;中国城市O_3浓度具有显著的空间分异规律,中部和东部是O_3污染的高发区,西部地区和黑龙江省的O_3污染处于较低水平;中国城市O_3浓度具有显著的集聚性特征,且呈现1—5月由南向北而6—12月由北向南扩展的年周期循环特征,热点地区主要集中在华北、华中和华东地区.Near-ground ozone（ O3） is one of the most hazardous air pollutants as it harms both human health and plant productivity. Ozone precursor emissions have increased significantly in most parts of China,following the acceleration of the urbanization process and the rapid increase in motor vehicle ownership. The ozone pollution has become increasingly prominent in China. In this study,we investigated spatial and temporal variations of O3 concentrations and its agglomeration in China using indexes of Moran＇s I and Getis-Ord Gi^＊based on observed ozone concentration datasets from 364 cities in 2016. China＇s O3 pollution was particularly serious and covered most parts of China in 2016. The average O3 concentration was 100.2 μg·m^-3 at the regional scale. Monthly O3 concentrations in northern and southern China showed significant variations and with patterns of inverted ＂V ＂and ＂M ＂,respectively. In regions of northern and southern China,the O3 concentration is high in summer and is low in winter. O3 concentration had large spatial differences in China. The O3 pollution was mainly distributed in central and eastern China. In regions of western China and Heilongjiang,however,the O3 concentration was at low levels. The O3 concentration has significant characteristics of agglomeration in China. Hot spots were mainly distributed in northern,central,and eastern China. Results of this study could provide scientific basis for air quality management in China.

关 键 词：中国城市 大气污染 空气质量 臭氧浓度 时空特征 

分 类 号：X512[环境科学与工程—环境工程]