泗河水体及污水厂出水中全氟烷基酸类化合物及其前体物空间分布特征  

Characteristics of spatial distribution of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) and their precursors in the water samples from the Sihe River and the effluents of wastewater treatment plants

作　　者：王世亮[1,2] 张丽萍 张鑫 孙建树 李婉婷[1] 郭芳丽 吴莎 WANG Shiliang1,2 , ZHANG Liping1, ZHANG Xin1 , SUN Jianshu1 , LI Wanting1, GUO Fangli1 , WU Sha1(1. School of Geography and Tourism, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276826 2. School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10008)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学地理与旅游学院,日照276826 [2]清华大学环境学院,北京100084

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2018年第4期1549-1557,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.41301532);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(No.201610446088);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No.2012ZX07301-001);中国博士后科学基金一等资助项目(No.2013M540103)~~

摘　　要：为探究河流水体和污水厂出水中全氟烷基酸(Perfluoroalkyl Acids,PFAAs)及其前体物的污染特征,采用羟基自由基氧化、WAX固相萃取分离富集、超高效液相色谱-质谱串联相结合的方法,以泗河水体及其附近污水厂出水为例,对上述不同水体中的PFAAs及其前体物的空间分布特征及前体物对水体污染的贡献进行了系统研究.结果表明,泗河水体和附近污水厂出水中PFAAs的总浓度(∑PFAAs)分别为3.87~40.84和55.59~110.91 ng·L^(-1),均值分别为24.92和88.04 ng·L^(-1);PFOS、PFHx S、PFOA、PFHx A和PFNA是浓度较高的污染物;污水厂出水中PFAAs的浓度明显高于泗河,泗河上游水体PFAAs的浓度低于下游.在对水样进行氧化处理后,泗河水体中碳原子数为4~12的全氟羧酸类化合物(Perfluorinated Carboxylic Acids,PFCAs)浓度增加值(∑Δ[PFCAC4-12])低于附近污水厂出水,但污水厂出水中前体物的转化率(Δ[PFCAs]/[PFCAs]氧化前)低于泗河水体,因此,污水处理过程中可能存在前体物的降解.In order to investigate the pollution characteristics of perfluoroalkyl acids（ PFAAs） and their precursors in the river water and the effluents of sewage treatment plants（ STPs）,the spatial distribution characteristics of PFAAs and their precursors and the contributions of these precursors to water contamination were systematically investigated based on the methods including the hydroxyl radical（ ·OH） oxidation,the solid phase extraction and enrichment,and the ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（ UPLC-MS/MS）,take the Sihe River and the local sewage treatment plants（ STPs） for example. The results indicated that the total concentrations of PFAAs（ ∑PFAAs） in the water samples of the Sihe River and the STPs effluents were in the range of 3.87 - 40.84 ng·L^-1 and 55.59 - 110.91 ng·L^-1,and averaged 24.92 ng·L^-1 and 88.04 ng·L^-1,respectively. The most prevalent PFAAs for all the water samples were PFOS,PFHx S,PFOA,PFHx A,and PFNA. The PFAAs concentrations in the STP effluent samples were obviously higher than those in the Sihe River. In addition,the total concentrations of PFAAs in the water samples from the upstream of Sihe River were lower than those from the downstream. After oxidation treatment of the water samples,the increased concentrations of the perfluorinated carboxylic acids（ PFCAs） with 4 - 12 perfluoroalkyl carbon chains（ ∑Δ[PFCAC4-12]） in the Sihe River were lower than those in the STP effluents. But the ratiosof the compounds formed against PFCAs originally present（ Δ[PFCAs]/[PFCAs]） in the STP effluents were lower than those in the Sihe River,which indicated the degradation of precursors during the sewage treatment processes.

关 键 词：全氟烷基酸 前体物 污染水平 泗河 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]