黑龙江省城市商业网点空间集聚特征及影响因素分析  

An Analysis of Spatial Clustering Characteristics of Urban Commercial Network in Heilongjiang Province and Its Influence Factors

作　　者：张俊娥[1,2] 王东[2] 魏宇[2] ZHANG Jun-e;WANG Dong;WEI Yu(College of Economics, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China;College of Economics and Management, Suihua University, Suihua 152061, China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨商业大学经济学院,哈尔滨150028 [2]绥化学院经济管理学院,黑龙江绥化152061

出　　处：《商业研究》2018年第3期138-142,共5页Commercial Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"基于供给侧改革的中国零售业态结构优化与创新研究";项目编号:16BJY125;黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划专项项目"城镇化进程中黑龙江省县域商业网点布局优化研究";项目编号:16JYD08

摘　　要：本文针对我国城市商业网点的空间布局存在选址分布不合理、业态结构不科学及商业功能类似等现象,通过分析黑龙江省城市商业网点的空间集聚特征及影响因素,为商业网点规划、商圈评价、业态结构和商业空间结构优化提供参考依据。以黑龙江省商业网点数据为基础,结合黑龙江商务统计数据,运用arc GIS10统计软件,通过核密度、平均最近邻指数及耦合度等分析方法,探讨批发零售业、餐饮业及住宿业三种业态商业网点空间集聚特征和业态结构特征,分析黑龙江省上述三种业态商业网点在空间集聚方面存在区域差异的影响因素,结果发现,三种业态网点的空间分布呈现中心集聚外围分散并存的特征,不同业态类型的商业网点空间布局差异性较大;商业网点业态结构特征表现为,网点数量上以批发零售业独大,其次是餐饮业,商业网点各业态中批发零售业经济效益最好;影响黑龙江省商业网点空间集聚的最主要因素是各地市的居民消费能力和地区经济发展水平。Aiming at the phenomenon of spatial distribution of China＇s urban commercial networks, such as the unrea- sonable distribution of location, unscientific business structure, and similar commercial functions. The paper hopes to provide reference for the commercial network planning and commercial circle evaluation, business structure and optimization of commercial space structure through the analysis of the spatial clustering characteristics and influence factors of urban commercial networks in Heilongjiang Province. Based on the commercial network data of Heilongjiang Province, combined with Heilongjiang business statistics, using arcGIS10 statistical software, and through the analysis methods of nuclear density, average nearest neighbor index, and coupling degree, the three types of commercial networks in wholesale, retail, catering, and lodging industries are explored. Based on the characteristics of spatial agglomeration and business structure, this paper analyzes the factors affecting regional agglomeration of the three types of commercial networks in Heilongjiang Province. The results show that the spatial distribution of the three types of outlets shows the characteris- tics of centralized agglomeration and scattered distribution, and different types of business, and the spatial layout of com- mercial outlets is quite different ; the structure of commercial outlets shows that the number of outlets is dominated by the wholesale and retail trade, followed by the catering industry, and the retail outlets in commercial outlets have the best economic returns; the most important factor in the agglomeration of outlets is the residents＇ spending power and the level of regional economic development.

关 键 词：商业网点 空间集聚 业态结构 影响因素 

分 类 号：F063.2[经济管理—政治经济学]