一种基于自适应反演算法的火电单元机组协调控制策略  

A Coordinated Control Strategy for Thermal Power Generation Units Based on the Adaptive Backstepping Method

作　　者：席嫣娜 王印松[1] XI Yanna;WANG Yinsong(Hebei Engineering Research Center of Simulation ＆ Optimized Control for Power Generation （North China Electric Power University）, Baoding 071003, Hebei Province, China)

机构地区：[1]河北省发电过程仿真与优化控制工程技术研究中心(华北电力大学)

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2018年第7期2070-2081,共12页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61533013);国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目~~

摘　　要：为了克服火电单元机组的本质非线性和不确定性对控制系统品质的影响,解决它在大范围变工况时的协调控制问题,该文针对综合考虑锅炉-汽轮机-发电机动态特性的单元机组整体模型,计及系统参数的不确定性,基于自适应反演算法和协调无源性理论,设计了一种非线性协调控制策略。首先经过适当简化处理,将机组整体模型分解为两个低阶子系统;在子系统Ⅰ中,利用反演法得到主蒸汽阀门开度控制器,然后基于协调无源性理论设计励磁控制器;在子系统Ⅱ中,通过逐步递推设计燃料控制器。同时,基于李雅普诺夫稳定性方法,交错设计了模型不确定参数的自适应律,并通过在其中引入充分光滑投影算子,避免了系统不匹配参数可能发生的漂移问题。在实际工程应用中,为了获得良好的调节品质,总结了该控制器参数的设定规律。最后,针对某600MW单元机组非线性模型的仿真分析及在火电单元机组全范围仿真机上的变负荷实验均表明,文中提出的协调控制策略不仅保证了闭环系统的渐近稳定,而且具有较强的负荷指令跟踪性能、抗干扰能力和鲁棒性。In order to overcome the influence of process nonlinearity and uncertainty on control system, a new nonlinear coordinated control strategy was proposed for the integral model of thermal power generation unit describing boiler-turbine-generator dynamic characteristics. At first, the integral model of power-generation unit was decomposed into two lower order subsystems after appropriate model simplified preprocessing. In subsystem I, the steam-valving controller was achieved using the backstepping method, and the excitation controller was designed based on the coordinated passivation approach. A fuel flow controller was obtained in subsystem II. At the same time, parameter updating laws were given based on Lyapunov stability method. To conquer the effects of the parameter-drift, sufficiently smooth projection operators were used. Setting rules of controller parameters were put forward to facilitate engineering application. Finally, several simulation tests based on a 600MW thermal power generation unit model and a load-changing test done on the full-scope simulator of the given power generation unit prove that the proposed coordinated control system not only can ensure asymptotical stability of the closed-loop system, but also has good effects in disturbance rejection, given value tracing and robustness.

关 键 词：火电单元机组 整体模型 自适应反演法 协调无源性 非线性控制 充分光滑投影算子 

分 类 号：TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]