风力发电机叶片防冰的数值计算模型及现场试验研究  

Numerical Anti-icing Model and Field Experimental Investigation of Wind Turbine Blade

作　　者：邱刚[1] 舒立春[1] 胡琴[1] 蒋兴良[1] 谭进峰 杨晨 QIU Gang;SHU Lichun;HU Qin;JIANG Xingliang;TAN Jinfeng;YANG Chen(State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment ＆ System Security and New Technology （Chongqing Uliiversity）, Shapingba Distrtict, Chongqing 400044, Chin)

机构地区：[1]输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室(重庆大学)

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2018年第7期2198-2204,共7页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51377180,51677014);国家创新研究群体基金(51021005)~~

摘　　要：风力发电机叶片覆冰严重影响着寒冷地区风电场的安全稳定运行,采用电加热防冰技术可以有效地防止覆冰事故的发生。该文对风力发电机叶片防冰的物理过程进行分析,在此基础上建立风力发电机叶片防冰的数值计算模型：利用k-ω SST湍流模型求解叶片周围的空气流场,通过Eulerian方法获得过冷却水滴的运动轨迹及碰撞情况,基于Messinger控制体思想建立叶片表面的质量守恒和热平衡方程。此外,为了验证该数值模型的有效性,该文还在自然覆冰试验站进行风机发电机叶片防冰的现场试验研究。结果表明：所建立的风力发电机叶片防冰数值计算模型能够有效地模拟叶片防冰过程,仿真得到的防冰区域表面温度与试验结果较为吻合。反之,在给定的覆冰气象参数和叶片目标温度条件下,该模型能够有效地预测所需的防冰功率大小,为风机发电机叶片防冰系统的设计与运行提供帮助。Icing phenomenon on wind turbine blades is a big obstacle to the safe and steady operation of cold-climate wind farms. The application of electro-thermal anti-icing technique is an effective method to prevent damages that brings in by ice accretion. Based on the analysis of anti-icing physical process, this article established a numerical anti-icing model for wind turbine. Specifically, k-ω SST turbulence model was adopted to simulate the fluid field while Eulerian model was applied to calculate the impact of super-cooled water droplets. According to Messinger model, mass and heat balances on the blade surface were established inside the control volume. Moreover, in order to validate the numerical model, wind turbine anti-icing field experiments were carried out in a natural icing station. The results show that numerical anti-icing model that proposed above is valid in simulating the anti-icing process of wind turbine blade. The simulated temperatures of protected regions are in good consistence with experimental ones. Under circumstances of known target blade temperature and meteorological parameters, this model can be used to predict the exact amount of anti-icing heat flux that should be provided.

关 键 词：风力发电机 叶片 防冰 数值模型 现场试验 

分 类 号：TM85[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]