公共卫生应急管理风险沟通的思考  

Thinking of risk communication in public health emergency management

作　　者：邱五七[1] QIU Wu-qi(Institute of Public Health Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences ,Bering 100020, China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院医学信息研究所,北京100020

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2018年第1期59-61,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

摘　　要：风险沟通在公共卫生危机事件的预防及处置中发挥着非常重要的作用。本文以近年的文献为基础,探讨风险沟通的目的、前提、关键、效果及保障等,尤其是在中国经历的2003的重症急性呼吸综合征(SARS)、2009年的甲型H1N1流感(H1N1),2013年至今的人感染H7N9禽流感(H7N9)疫情,以及应对国外输入性中东呼吸综合征(MERS)等新发传染病疫情后,中国政府公共卫生管理能力已显著提升,并已积累了一定的处理突发公共卫生事件的风险沟通经验。在此基础上,文章总结出其目的是服务于卫生决策管理,信息的准确、及时和公开是风险沟通的前提,建立信任是风险沟通的关键,有效的风险沟通离不开公众的参与,风险认知影响风险沟通的效果,合作是风险沟通的重要保障等六方面内容,以期为中国公共卫生应急管理提供参考。The risk communication in the prevention and disposal of public health crisis plays a very important role. Based on the recent literature on risk communication,the purpose,precondition,keys,effectiveness and security of risk communication were reviewed in the paper. Especially,after experiencing severe acute respiratory syndrome（ SARS） in 2003,influenza H1 N1（ H1 N1） in 2009 in China,people infected with H7 N9 avian influenza（ H7 N9） epidemic since 2013,and respond to foreign transmission characteristics of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome（ MERS） and other new infectious disease epidemic,the government＇s public health crisis management capacity has been significantly improved,and the experience of risk communication in emergent public health some of the crisis has accumulated. Based on those,author summed up the six aspects,such as ＂ the purpose is to serve health decision management＂,＂the premise of risk communication is information accurate,timely and opened＂,＂trust is the keys to risk communication＂,＂effective risk communication needs public participation＂,＂risk cognition affects the effect of risk communication＂,＂cooperation is an important guarantee for risk communication＂. The purpose of the paper is to provide the reference for public health emergency management in China.

关 键 词：公共卫生 应急管理 风险沟通 

分 类 号：R129[医药卫生—环境卫生学]