四种方法对火力楠叶片油的提取分析  

Extraction of Essential Oil from Leaves of Michelia macclurei Dandy by Four Extraction Methods

作　　者：姜清彬[1] 李清莹[1] 王里[1,2] 仲崇禄[1] 彭映辉[2] 吴永晨 Jiang Qingbin;Li Qingying;Wang Li;Zhong Chonglu;Peng Yinghui;Wu Yongchen(Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520;College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,热带林业研究国家林业局重点实验室,广州510520 [2]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2018年第6期1985-2000,共16页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：本研究由中央公益性科研院所基金项目(RITFYWZX201506;CAFYBB2017MB010)和国家自然科学基金项目(31700554)共同资助

摘　　要：以火力楠叶片为试验材料,开展火力楠叶片油提取研究。采用水蒸气蒸馏、超声波辅助、索氏提取和超临界CO_2萃取四种方法,结合气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)仪的分析,研究不同提取方法对火力楠叶片油化学成分及其含量的影响。结果表明:四种提取方法经优化后提取率分别达到0.345%、0.261%、3.676%和3.899%;进一步GC-MS分析有效成分的种类分别为18种、47种、38种和37种,主要成分有石竹烯、榄香醇、榄香烯、亚麻酸、棕榈酸和亚油酸等;四种方法提取叶片油中有效成分分别所占百分比为86.82%、94.13%、87.45%和92.72%。四种提取方法所得到的火力楠叶片的油成分有一定差异,在以后的应用生产中,可根据主要化学组分的需要来选取最适当的提取方法。综合提取得率及提取效率,超临界CO_2萃取法效果最佳。Michelia macclurei leaves were used as materials for extraction the content of essential oil. Four methods of steam distillation, ultrasound-assisted extraction, soxhlet extraction and supercritical CO2 extraction were chosen for extraction M. macclurei essential oil, the resulting oil composition and content were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with （GC-MS） isolation and identification. The results showed： the extraction rate of four methods were 0.345%, 0.261%, 3.676% and 3.899% respectively; the use of GC-MS detection analysis showed that the type of four methods resulting essential oil components were 18, 47, 38 and 37 species respectively, the main ingredients were Caryophyllene, Elemol, Elemene, Methyl linolenate, Methyl hexadecanoate, Methyl linoleateand and so on. The percentage of the active ingredient in essential oil content were 86.82%, 94.13%, 87.45% and 92.72% respectively. There were some differences of the oil composition extracted by four methods from M. macclurei leaves, this would be provide a guideline for selection most suitable extraction method following the target of oil components in future application. In a word, the extract method of supercritical CO2 was the best with comprehensively considering the extraction rate and efficiency.

关 键 词：火力楠 叶片油 提取 成分分析 

分 类 号：TQ654.2[化学工程—精细化工]