扬州市江都区1958—2015年消除疟疾的防控措施与效果  

Prevention and control measures and effect of malaria elimination in Jiangdu District,Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 1958-2015

作　　者：汤洪萍[1] 黄永军[1] 姜松[1] TANG Hongping;HUANG Yongjun;JIANG Song(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangdu County,Jiangdu, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225200 Chin)

机构地区：[1]扬州市江都区疾病预防控制中心,江苏扬州225200

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2018年第4期335-339,共5页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解扬州市江都区疟疾流行与分布规律,探讨流行特点,总结防治经验,为防治工作提供科学依据。方法收集江都区历年疟疾防治资料,采用描述性分析方法,对1958—2015年疟疾流行与分布情况、防治历程与防治措施、防治效果进行总结分析。结果 1958—2015年江都区共发现疟疾1 199 087例,其中间日疟1 198 904例,占99.98%;恶性疟183例,占0.02%。传播媒介以中华按蚊为主。历经早期防治阶段(1958—1970年)、控制流行与综合防治阶段(1971—1993年)、效果监测阶段(1994—2009年)和消除疟疾阶段(2010—2015年)等四个阶段的综合防治,逐步控制了疟疾的传播与流行,1976年疟疾发病率下降至1%以下,1985年下降至1/千以下,1988年起连续27年控制在1/万以下,2009年起未再发现当地感染的疟疾病例。1993年达到"基本消灭疟疾"标准,2015年达到国家消除疟疾标准。结论江都区基本消除了疟疾的危害,但其传播和流行的因素依然存在,应加强输入性人员的疟疾监测和管理。Objective To understand the prevalence and distribution of malaria, explore its epidemic characteristics, and summarize the experience of prevention and control in Jiangdu District of Yangzhou City, so as to provide an evidence for the future prevention and control work. Methods The data of malaria control were collected and analyzed by using the descriptive analysis method in Jiangdu District of Yangzhou City from 1958 to 2015. Results From 1958 to 2015, totally 1 199 087 malaria cases were found in Jiangdu District, including 1 198 904 vivax malaria cases accounting for 99.98% and 183 falciparum malaria cases accounting for 0.02%. The main media was Anopheles sinensis. There were four stages of comprehensive prevention and control, including the stage of prevention and control （1958- 1970）, stage of control and comprehensive prevention （1971-1993）, stage of monitoring （1994-2009）, and stage of elimination （2010-2015）. After these four stages, the spread and prevalence of malaria were gradually controlled. The incidence of malaria dropped to less than 1% in 1976, and the incidence dropped to less than 1%0 in 1985. The incidence of malaria has been below 1/104 for 27 consecutive years since 1988, and no local malaria cases have been found since 2009. The objective of ＂basic malaria eradication＂ was reached in 1993, and the national standard for malaria elimination was reached in 2015. Conclusion Jiangdu District has basically eliminated the harm of malaria, but the transmission and epidemic factors still exist, so the malaria surveillance and management, especially for imported malaria, should be strengthened.

关 键 词：疟疾 消除 效果 

分 类 号：R531.3[医药卫生—内科学]