气力式水稻穴盘成型机气流分配室流场仿真与优化设计  

Simulation and Optimum Design on Airflow Distribution Chamber of Pneumatic Forming Machine for Rice Seeding-growing Tray

作　　者：李海亮[1] 汪春[1,2] 胡军 于海明[1] 李庆达[1] 张欣悦[1] LI Hailiang;WANG Chun;HU Jun;YU Haiming;LI Qingda;ZHANG Xinyue(Key Laboratory of Agricultural Mechanization Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China;South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Zhanjiang 524000, China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农业机械化工程重点实验室,大庆163319 [2]中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所,湛江524000

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2018年第4期94-101,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD06B01-07);黑龙江省农垦总局科技攻关项目(HNK135-03-02);2017全国基层农技推广补助项目(JCTG17-03);黑龙江省青年科学基金项目(QC2014C058);黑龙江八一农垦大学农业机械化工程重点实验室开放课题项目

摘　　要：合理的气流分配室结构是气力式水稻穴盘成型机正常工作的前提条件。为了保证气流分配室具有均匀的流场结构,生产出合格的穴盘,以气体控制方程为理论依据,利用FLUENT软件对气流分配室内气流场进行了仿真分析。结合正交试验设计和数值模拟技术,以腔体厚度、通气孔直径和底角为影响因素,速度不均匀系数为评价指标,对气流场进行了单因素和正交模拟仿真试验,结果表明各因素对试验结果影响的主次顺序为配气腔体厚度、通气孔直径、底角;当腔体厚度、通气孔直径和底角分别为110 mm、15 mm和0°时,气流分配室流场均匀性较理想,此时速度不均匀系数为11.37%。试验结果表明,仿真结果与实测结果的平均相对误差为1.59%,双侧相关系数为0.028,存在显著相关关系;穴盘生产成型率为92.3%,穴孔质量和底面厚度的变异系数分别为10.2%和9.81%,满足穴盘生产要求。It has been widely recognized that rice seedlings made from biomass such as crop straw and wood chips can reduce white pollution, realize resource utilization and raise seedling quality. At present, biomass forming mainly adopts compression molding, which has problems such as high energy consumption, low productivity and poor molding quality. The problems mentioned are solved effectively by pneumatic method. The object was to optimize the airflow distribution chamber of pneumatic forming machine and improve the production quality of rice seeding-growing tray. The reasonable air distribution chamber structure was precondition for normal operation of pneumatic forming machine for rice seeding- growing tray. Based on the gas control equation, fluent software FLUENT was used to simulate the air flow field to ensure a uniform flow field structure in the airflow distribution chamber, and produce qualified rice seeding-growing tray. Combined with orthogonal test design and numerical simulation technology, the single factor and orthogonal simulation test of airflow field were carried out with thickness of the cavity, vent diameter, base angle of cavity as experimental factors and speed unevenness coefficient as assessment consumption. The experimental resuhs showed that the best parameters in combination were as follows： cavity thickness of the airflow distribution was 110 mm, vent diameter was 15 mm, base angle of cavity was 0°, vent air velocity was within the range of 0.09 - 0. 14 m/s, nonuniform coefficien was 11.37% , flow velocity was stability, and distribution was uniform in airflow distribution chamber. The mean relative error between the simulation results and the measured results was 1.59%, bilateral correlation coefficient was 0. 028, and there was a significant correlation. The forming rate of rice seeding-growing tray was 92.3% , the variation coefficient of hole weight and under surface thickness was 10.2% and 9.81%, respectively, which met the production requirement. The research result was of great

关 键 词：气力式 水稻穴盘成型机 气流分配室 气流场仿真分析 结构优化 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]