氮肥减量对华北夏玉米节根内生真菌群落组成的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction on Endophytic Fungal Community Composition of Summer Maize in North China

作　　者：李瑞霞 霍艳丽[3] 李洪杰 王惟帅 张爱平[1] 杨正礼[1] LI Ruixia;HUO Yanli;LI Hongjie;WANG Weishuai;ZHANG Aiping;YANG Zhengli(Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Beifing 100081, China;College of Tourism, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China;College of Basic Medical, Hebei North University, Zhangfiakou 075000, China;Dezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deztwu 253015, China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081 [2]河北经贸大学旅游学院,石家庄050061 [3]河北北方学院基础医学院,张家口075000 [4]德州市农业科学研究院,德州253015

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2018年第4期312-318,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503106);张家口市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(1611051C)

摘　　要：基于农民习惯施氮,以夏玉米为试验对象,采用高通量测序技术探讨氮肥减量0%(CK:270 kg/hm2)、-10%(N1:243 kg/hm2)、-20%(N2:216 kg/hm2)和-30%(N3:189 kg/hm2)对节根内生真菌群落组成的影响。结果表明:氮肥减量10%~30%对地上节根内生真菌Chao1指数影响不显著,而氮肥减量20%~30%却显著降低地下节根内生真菌丰富度Chao1指数;氮肥减量10%~30%显著提高地上节根内生真菌多样性Shannon-Wiener指数,却显著降低地下节根内相应指数。减氮10%~30%显著提高地上节根内格孢菌目(Pleosporales)丰度,显著提高地下节根内子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和粪壳菌目(Sordariales)丰度,显著降低地下节根内肉座菌目(Hypocreales)和炭角菌目(Xylariales)丰度。氮肥减量10%显著提高2类节根内球囊菌门(Glomeromycota)丰度,而氮肥减量30%仅显著提高地下节根球囊菌门丰度。随着氮肥减量比例的增加,与对照的相似系数逐渐降低。相关性分析表明,穗粒数与地上节根内格孢菌目、地下节根内球囊菌门和肉座菌目丰度显著相关,有效穗数与地下节根内粪壳菌目丰度显著相关。经综合比较,减氮30%的处理效果优于其他处理,与对照相比,在灌浆期可显著提高地上节根格孢菌目丰度809.95%;显著提高地下节根内球囊菌门丰度89.93%和粪壳菌目丰度1 319.22%,却显著降低肉座菌目丰度78.14%。Aiming to define the effect of nitrogen fertilizer reduction on nodal root endophytic fungal communities of summer maize by using the method of Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing. Based on farmers＇ practice for N fertilization, four treatments, i.e. 270 kg/hm^2（ CK： 0% ） , 243 kg/hm^2 （N1 ： -10%）, 216kg/hm^2（N2： -20%） and 189kg/hm^2（N3： -30%） were applied. The results showed that the effects of N fertilizer amount reduction by 10% -30% on diversity index Chaol of aboveground nodal roots were not significant, and the amount of N fertilizer reduction by 20% - 30% increased significantly Chaol index of underground nodal roots. The effects of amount of N fertilizer reduction by 10% - 30% on the diversity index Shannon - Wiener index of aboveground nodal roots were noticeably increased, while the same index of underground nodal roots were noticeably decreased. N fertilizer amount reduction by 10% - 30% increased significantly the abundance of Pleosporales in aboveground nodal roots, and increased significantly the abundance of Ascomycota, Sordariales and decreased significantly the abundance of Hypocreales and Xylariales in underground nodal roots. N fertilizer amount reduction by 10% increased significantly the abundance of Glomeromycota in nodal roots, and N fertilizer reduction by 30% only increased significantly the abundance of Glomeromycota of underground nodal roots. With the increase of proportion of nitrogen fertilizer reduction, the similarity coefficient was deceased gradually with CK treatment. The correlation analysis showed that grain number was significantly correlated with the abundance of Pleosporales of aboveground nodal roots, and the abundance of Glomeromycota and Hypocreales of underground nodal roots. Efficient spike number was significantly correlated with the abundance of Sordariales of underground nodal roots. By comprehensive comparison, the effect of amount of nitrogen fertilizer reduction by 30% on nodal root endophytic fungal communities was better than th

关 键 词：夏玉米 氮肥减量 产量 节根 内生真菌 多样性 

分 类 号：S153.4[农业科学—土壤学]