大熊猫主食竹增补竹种整理  

Supplementary Bamboo Species as Giant Panda's Main Food

作　　者：史军义[1] 周德群[2] 陈其兵[3] 张玉霄[4] 马丽莎[3] 姚俊[1] Shi Junyi;Zhou Dequn;Chen Qibing;Zhang Yuxiao;Ma Lisha;Yao Jun(Flower Research and Development Center of Southwest China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, China;Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650550, China;Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu 611130, China;Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院西南花卉研究开发中心,昆明650224 [2]昆明理工大学,昆明650550 [3]四川农业大学,成都611130 [4]西南林业大学云南生物多样性研究院,昆明650224

出　　处：《世界竹藤通讯》2018年第2期53-62,共10页World Bamboo and Rattan

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:31160160);中国林业科学研究院西南花卉研究开发中心国际竹子合作专项(编号:ICPB-2018003)

摘　　要：由于大熊猫选择部分竹类植物为主要食物源,大熊猫主食竹的地理分布是决定大熊猫地理分布的重要影响因素之一。因此,对大熊猫主食竹的种类与分布进行研究,对于深入了解大熊猫的迁徙历史和协同演化、以及推动大熊猫保护工作的科学、健康、有序发展,尤其是迁地保护意义重大。大熊猫主食竹曾经报道过11属,包括65种、1变种和3变型。其中,箣竹属Bambusa Retz.corr.Schreber 2种,慈竹属Neosinocalamus Keng f.1种3变型,刚竹属Phyllostachys Sieb.et Zucc.5种1变种,方竹属Chimonobambusa Makino 6种,筇竹属Qiongzhuea Hsueh et Yi 5种,镰序竹属Drepanostachyum Keng f.2种,箭竹属Fargesia Franch.emend.Yi 25种,玉山竹属Yushania Keng f.10种,苦竹属Pleioblastus Nakai 1种,巴山木竹属Bashania Keng f.et Yi 6种,箬竹属Indocalamus Nakai 2种。后来,黄毛竹、大琴丝竹和金丝慈竹被修订为栽培品种Neosinocalamus affinis‘Chrysotrichus’、N.affinis‘Flavidorivens’、N.affinis‘Flavidorivens’。本文增补了方竹属3种、4栽培品种;刚竹属2种;箭竹属2种;玉山竹属1种;月月竹属Menstruocalamus Yi 1种;茶秆竹属Pseudosasa Makino ex Nakai 1种;箬竹属4种。共计7属、13种、4栽培品种。到目前为止,中国的大熊猫主食竹共有13属、78种、1变种、7栽培品种。As giant panda is almost monophagous on specific bamboo species, the geographical distribution of these bamboos species is one of the determining factors of the geographical distribution of giant panda. Thus the study of the species and distribution of the bamboos as main food for giant panda is of great significance for understanding the migratory history and co-evolution of giant panda, promoting their scientific, healthy and organized conservation, and especially ensuring ex -situ conservation. The bamboos as giant pandas’ main food were reported with 11 genera in which there are 65 species, one variety and three forms. These taxa include two species in the genus of Bambusa, one species and three forms in Phyllostachys, six species in Chimonobambusa, five species and one variety in Phyllostachys, six species in Chimonobambusa, five species in Qiongzhuea, two species in Drepanostachyum, 25 species in Fargesia, ten species in Yushania, one species in Pleioblastus, six species in Bashania, and two species in Indosasa. Afterwards Neosinocalamus affinis ‘ Chrysotrichus’ , N. affinis ‘ Flavidorivens’ and N. affinis ‘ Viridiflavus’ were revised from forms into cultivars. This paper supplement the list with two species and four cultivars in Chimonobambusa, two species in Phyllostachys , two species in 5 ambusa, one species in Fusania, one species in Menstrocalamus, one species in Pseudosasa, and four species in Indocalamus . In total there are seven genera with 13 species and 4 cultivars reported in this paper. So far in China it has been reported that the main food bamboo for giant panda includes 13 genera in which 78 species, one variety and seven cultivars have been included.

关 键 词：大熊猫 主食竹 竹栽培品种 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]