闽西仙云洞空间结构特征及其影响因素浅析  

Spatial Structure and Influencing Factors of the Xianyun Cave in Western Fujian Province

作　　者：张富强 李苗发 曹奇[1,2] 雷国良 王芳[1,2] 蔡炳贵 ZHANG Fuqiang1＇2, LI Miaofa1＇2, CAO Qi1＇2, LEI Guoliang1＇2＇3, WANG Fang1＇2, CAI Binggui1＇2＇3(Ministry- of Science and Technology- and Fujian Province Funded , Fuzhou 350007, China; 3. Institute of Geology-, Fujian Normal University-, Fuzhou 350007, China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福州350007 [2]湿润亚热带山地生态省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,福州350007 [3]福建师范大学地理研究所,福州350007

出　　处：《亚热带资源与环境学报》2018年第1期88-94,共7页Journal of Subtropical Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41272197;41661144021);福建省科技计划项目公益类项目(2014R1034-2)

摘　　要：闽西赖源溶洞群是冠豸山国家地质公园的一部分,仙云洞又名出气洞,是赖源溶洞群中最大一个洞穴。采用V级洞穴测量标准,对仙云洞展开系统的洞穴测量,绘制大比例尺洞穴平面图和三维展布图,参考已有的地质资料和文献资料探讨了仙云洞洞道发育的主要影响因素,结果显示:1)仙云洞探明的洞道总长度为2 470 m,总面积约为1.5万m2,洞穴深度约74 m,属于大型洞穴。洞口为洞穴最高点,海拔968 m,最低点海拔为894 m;2)仙云洞洞道主要沿北东向、北西向和近东西向发育,洞道主要呈廊道状结构,局部发育面积较大的厅堂,洞道走向蜿蜒曲折,发育数条支洞,部分洞道崩塌堆积多见;3)仙云洞的洞穴系统发育于栖霞组(P2q)地层中,受地层产状、北东向与北西向断层控制。4)洞穴北部3层水平洞层较为明显,上两层可能与洞外的赖源溪1~2级阶地发育相关。深入探讨洞穴发育与区域水文地貌演化历史需要进一步开展大比例地图测绘,洞内溶蚀形态和沉积形态深入调查研究,洞外喀斯特地貌调查,同时开展地下河联通示踪实验。Xianyun Cave,also called Chuqi Cave,is the largest cave of Laiyuan Karst cavern,located in Fujian Guanzhaishan National Geological Park. To determine its size and structure,a detail surveying was carried out following V grade cave measurement standard. Large scale plan view and three-dimensional view are drawn with Visual Topo and Arcmap 10. 2 software. With these results and published geological and geographical documents,the structure of cave Xianyun and main control factors of cave development are then be discussed. Results show that： 1） the cave is a large one with a total length of around 2 470 m and a floor projection area of about 15 000 m2. The cave vertical depth is about 74 m.The highest position is the entrance of the cave with an elevation of 968 m,while the lowest position is894 m. 2） The passages of the cave develop along the direction of NW,NE and the near EW. Most ofthem are corridor-shaped and several halles also developed. Some of passages are winding and twists with branches,and some of the them filled with collapse rock. 3） The cave host in the Permian limestone of Qixia section（P2 q） and the development of the cave was constrained by stratigraphic dip and inclination,a fault of NE,and a joint set of NE and NW. 4） There develop three distinct Horizontal layers in the Northern Cave,the upper two layers are strongly associated with the development of 1 st and 2 nd terraces of Laiyuan Creek. However,in order to better understand the relationship between cave evolution and regional terrace development,a large scale geological mapping,detail surveying on Karst landscape outside the cave,and on deposition and corrosion inside the cave should be further performed.

关 键 词：仙云洞 洞穴结构 发育演化 闽西 

分 类 号：P931.5[天文地球—自然地理学]