科学技术的四种不确定性及其风险规避路径——基于约纳斯“责任伦理”的考察  

Four Kinds of Uncertainty and the Road of Avoiding Risk on Science and Technology Based on Responsibility Ethics of Hans Jonas

作　　者：叶立国 YE Liguo(School of Marxism Studies, China University of Petroleum,Qingdao, Shandong 266580,Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学马克思主义学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第2期78-82,共5页Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Social Sciences)

基　　金：中央基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(15CX08013A)

摘　　要：科学技术在实现其社会功能的同时,也给人类社会发展带来了一系列现实问题。科学技术的四种不确定性是其根源所在:科学技术理论层面的不确定性、科学技术功能的不确定性、科学技术研究的不确定性和源于人类主观意志的不确定性。不同种类的不确定性需要采取不同的风险规避路径。约纳斯基于现代技术的巨大力量创立了一种未来导向的"责任伦理",在他的理论视阈下审视科技的四种不确定性及其风险规避路径,有利于我们准确理解和把握这一问题。不确定性将永远伴随着科技的演化以及人类的发展,我们应该以理性的态度看待和处理科学技术的不确定性问题。Science and technology realize social functions with a series of realistic problems. Four kinds of uncertainty are the roots of them. The first one is of scientific and technical theory,the second one is of scientific and technological social functions, the third one is of scientific and technical research,and the last one is of human＇s subjective will. Different measures should be adopted against distinct risks. Hans Jonas＇ future-oriented theory of Responsibility Ethics is used to examine the four kinds of uncertainty and the road to avoid risks. The uncertainty of science and technology will be accompanied with scientific evolution and human development. Accordingly, we should speculate on the problem of uncertainty rationally.

关 键 词：责任伦理 科学技术 不确定性 风险 技术自主论 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]