冲击式水轮机折向器模型研究  

Research on Modeling of Impact Hydraulic Turbine Reflector

作　　者：冯培磊 李琰[1] 徐天奇[1] 董治全 高鑫 张学英 刘晓欣 FENG Peilei;LI Yan;XU Tianqi;DONG Zhiquan;GAO Xin;ZHANG Xueying;LIU Xiaoxin(School of Electrical and Information Technology, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500;Nujiang Grid Bureau, Yunnan Grid Corporation Limited, Nujiang State, 673100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南民族大学电气信息工程学院,昆明650500 [2]云南电网有限责任公司怒江供电局,云南怒江673100

出　　处：《云南电力技术》2018年第1期11-15,共5页Yunnan Electric Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61461055);云南电网公司怒江供电局职工技术创新项目(050000KK52150006)

摘　　要：针对冲击式水电站机组甩负荷时所引起压力管道压力值增大和机组转速升高值过大的问题,利用装设在集流管末端的折向器、喷嘴与喷针控制射流量,通过改变针阀开度和折向器位置调节机组流量和转速等参数。当依据出力求解转速变化时需要引入折向器方程即射到水斗上的流量和折向器开度间的关系函数。本文对折向器的动作过程进行分析推导出方程的系数。当机组全甩负荷时可以计算出在折向器动作时间范围内某时刻的转速,可以通过对转速的数值分析来设定折向器动作的整定时间和针阀关闭的整定时间使水轮机的转速控制在合适的范围内,减少喷嘴的流量对水轮机所带来的摩擦损耗,为冲击式水轮机的机组设计提供了参考依据。When the generator of a hydraulic power station with impulse turbine sheds loads, the pressure in the pipeline increases and the speed of generation units rises rapidly. With reffector, nuzzle, and needle mounted on the end of pressure manifold, the rate of jet flow can be controlled. The speed of generation unit can be consequently regulated by changing the needle valve opening and the position of reflector. The reflector function is necessary when the speed variation is derived according to output power of impulse turbine. The action process of reflector is analyzed in this paper and the coeflcient of reflector is derived. The speed of hydraulic turbine of any time during action of reflector can be calculated when the generation unit sheds all load. As a result, the setting times of reflector action and needle shutting down can be regulated through numerical analysis of generator speed, with the speed maintained in a reasonable range and friction wear on the hydraulic turbine from the jet flow of nozzle reduced. The work of this paper could be a reference for the design of impulse turbine.

关 键 词：冲击式水轮机 射流 折向器方程 转速 系数研究 

分 类 号：TV45[水利工程—水工结构工程]