武汉市人感染H7N9禽流感流行病特征及外环境H7亚型禽流感病毒监测分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza and surveillance analysis of H7 sub-type avian influenza virus in external environment in Wuhan

作　　者：杨小兵[1] 汪鹏[1] 孔德广[1] 朱洪浩[1] 王英[1] 王婷 江高峰[3] YANG Xiaobing , WANG Peng, KONG Deguang, ZHU Honghao, WANG Ying, WANG Ting, JIANG Gaoteng(Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430015, China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市疾病预防控制中心,武汉430015 [2]武汉市硚口区疾病预防控制中心 [3]武汉科技大学附属天佑医院转化医学中心

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2018年第2期83-85,共3页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2017年武汉市人感染H7N9禽流感流行病学特征,结合外环境中H7亚型禽流感病毒分布,为防控决策提供实证依据。方法对11例人感染H7N9禽流感患者禽类接触史调查并进行溯源分析;采集的外环境标本用实时荧光定量PCR进行标本检测。结果 11例病例均有活禽市场暴露史或活禽接触史;病例集中在1、2月份,占全部病例的90.91%(10/11);50岁以上中老年人感染发病占63.64%(7/11);病例均有多个医疗机构转诊救治史,发病-就诊间隔时间平均为4d,发病-死亡间隔时间平均为9d,死亡病例占54.55%(6/11);共采集外环境标本1 794份,检出H7亚型禽流感核酸阳性107份(阳性率6.00%)。结论冬春季是人感染H7N9的高发季节,活禽市场暴露或接触活禽是感染高危因素,早发现、早检测、早诊治能降低死亡风险;对活禽市场关闭或休市,落实活禽市场外环境清洁消毒、开展外环境H7亚型禽流感病毒核酸检测、开展健康教育宣传等综合措施是预防控制人感染H7N9禽流感的有效措施。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human infection with H7 N9 avian influenza and combine with the distribution of H7 N9 avian influenza virus in the external environment in Wuhan in 2017 to provide evidence for the prevention and control of infection with avian influenza virus. Methods Tthe contact history of avian influenza among 11 human infected patients was investigated and source-tracking analysis was conducted. The samples of different types of wading bird from different places were collected. H7 N9 avian influenza virus nucleic acid was detected with RT-PCR. Results All cases have live poultry market exposure history or live bird contact history and 90. 91%（ 10/11） of these case occured in Jan and Feb. 63. 64%（ 7/11） patients are above 50 years old. Moreover,all cases have referral treatment history,the average time from getting sick to visiting doctor is 4 days.Mortality rate is 54. 55%（ 6/11） and the average time from getting sick to death is 9 days. A total of 1794 specimens from external environment were collected from January to March. The total H7 N9 positive number were 107（ positive rate 6. 00%）. Conclusion H7 N9 infection is usually occurred in winter and spring. The risk factors includes contact with live poultry or exposure in live poultry market. The risk of death can be reduced through early detection,diagnosis and treatment. In avian flu season,the effective ways of H7 N9 avian influenza control are to temporarily close market,clean market,detect virus nucleic acidin the external environment of live poultry market,and carry out health education activities.

关 键 词：人感染H7N9禽流感 外环境 流行病学 

分 类 号：R512[医药卫生—内科学]