技术认知、补贴政策对农户不同节水技术采用阶段的影响分析  

The impact of technology perception and subsidy policy on different phases of farmers' water-saving irrigation technology adoption

作　　者：徐涛[1,2] 赵敏娟[1,2] 李二辉 乔丹[1,2] XU Tao;ZHAO Minjuan;LI Erhui;QIAO Dan(College of Economics and Management Northwest A＆F University, Yangling 712100, China;Applied Economics Research Center, Northwest A ＆F University, Yangling 712100, China;State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,杨陵712100 [2]西北农林科技大学应用经济研究中心,杨陵712100 [3]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《资源科学》2018年第4期809-817,共9页Resources Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(15ZDA052)

摘　　要：探究农户节水技术采用的阶段性特征,对促进其持续采用具有重要意义。本文以滴灌技术为例,结合民勤县354份农户调研数据,运用结构方程模型分析了技术认知与补贴政策认知对农户采用节水技术的不同阶段的影响。结果表明:从初始采用阶段到后续采用阶段,农户感知技术的易用性有所提升,而感知技术的有用性与感知补贴政策的合理性有所下降;感知有用性对农户采用意愿的影响相对于感知易用性有所增强;补贴政策认知对农户采用意愿的影响有所提升,并成为最主要的影响因素。据此建议:技术宣传、培训与田间示范在技术推广中仍有重要意义;进一步加大研发投入,从而提升农户技术采用的效果与持续性;适当调整补贴标准与方式,提高补贴政策的实施效果。Agriculture consumes 63.1% of the total water in Chin, but the effective utilization rate of farmland irrigation water in China is only 0.542 and there exists a huge waste of water resources. Accelerating the promotion of water-saving irrigation technology is an important way for China to realize the transformation from water-dependent agriculture to water-saving agriculture. Here we use the example of drip irrigation technology and structural equation modeling to analyze how technology perception and subsidy policy satisfaction impact the initial phase and follow-up phase of farmers＇ adoption, based on 354 households＇ survey data from Minqin County （among them, 156 households have not used drip irrigation and 198 households have adopted）. When they adopt technology from the initial phase to the follow-up phase, farmers＇ perception of ease to use improves, however, their perceived usefulness and subsidy policy rationality decrease. Compared with the perception of ease to use, the influence of perceived usefulness on farmers＇ willingness to adopt increases, and the influence of subsidy policy on farmers＇ willingness to adopt is further enhanced. A policy implication is that technology promotion such as advertising activities, training and field demonstration in initial adoption phase are significant in today＇s technology popularization. More input should be applied into technology research and development to improve the effect and sustainability of technology adopting at the same time. Appropriate adjustment should be given in subsidy standard and manners for improving the implementation effects of subsidy policy, and more attention should be paid to policy requirements of farmers in the follow-up adoption phase, for their opinions on the subsidy standard and means are valuable.

关 键 词：节水灌溉 滴灌技术 技术认知 补贴政策 初始采用阶段 后续采用阶段 民勤县 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济] S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]