中脑星形胶质细胞源性神经营养因子  

Mesencephalic Astrocyte Derived Neurotrophic Factor

作　　者：魏洁 刘东方[1] 王葱[1] WEI Jie;LIU Dong-Fang;WANG Cong(Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第二医院内分泌科,重庆400010

出　　处：《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》2018年第4期390-394,共5页Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.81370467;No.2016ZDXM011;No.81501199)资助~~

摘　　要：中脑星形胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor,MANF)是一种新型保守的神经营养因子,其结构和作用形式与传统的神经营养因子存在差异。MANF具有独特的三维结构,包含N端saposin样结构域和C端SAP(SAF-A/B,Acinus and PIAS,SAP)结构域,决定其特殊的作用形式。表达MANF的组织在哺乳动物体内分布广泛。在细胞内,MANF主要位于内质网腔,对于维持内质网稳态具有重要意义。在细胞外,MANF作为一种分泌蛋白质,不仅具有保护和促进多巴胺能神经元修复的功能,对包括胰岛β细胞、心肌细胞、视网膜神经节细胞等其他细胞类型也具有保护作用。此外,MANF还可通过调节炎症相关通路抑制炎症反应。研究显示,MANF在多种疾病中呈现出潜在的临床价值。本文将对MANF的结构、生理功能及其研究进展进行综述。Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor（ MANF） is a novel conserved neurotrophic factor. MANF is widely expressed in mammalian tissues,and it has a unique structure and model of action that significantly differs from the traditional neurotrophic factors. Structurally,MANF includes an N-terminal saposin-like domain and a C-terminal SAP（ SAF-A/B,Acinus and PIAS,SAP）domain,determining its specific form of action. Cytologically, MANF is mainly localized in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen,and evidence suggests that MANF is essential for the maintenance of endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. As a secretory protein,MANF not only efficiently protects and repairs dopaminergic neurons outside of the cells,but also protects many other cell types including islet beta cells,cardiac myocytes and retinal ganglion cells. In addition,MANF inhibits the inflammatory response by regulating the inflammatory pathway. Previous studies have shown that MANF has potential clinical significance in a variety of diseases. Here we summarize the structure,physiological functions and the research progress of MANF.

关 键 词：中脑星形胶质细胞源性神经营养因子 神经保护 内质网应激 炎症反应 

分 类 号：Q71[生物学—分子生物学]