航天工效学研究与实践  

Research and Practice in Space Ergonomics

作　　者：王春慧[1] 陈晓萍[1] 蒋婷[1] 王丽[1] 姜昌华[1] 王波 黄守鹏[1] 肖毅[1] 田雨[1] 焦学军[1] Wang Chunhui;Chen Xiaoping;Jiang Ting;Wang Li;Jiang Changhua;Wang Bo;Huang Shoupeng;Xiao Yi;Tian Yu;Jiao Xuejun.

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心人因工程重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2018年第2期172-181,共10页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

摘　　要：航天工效学是人因工程在载人航天领域中的应用,经过近50年的发展和实践,从航天人-机-环系统层面开展基础、应用基础及工程应用研究,突破和解决了大量科学问题及关键技术,有力支撑了我国载人航天工程SZ1-SZ5飞行任务、空间实验室任务以及当前的空间站任务。本文回顾了航天工效学在载人航天领域取得的主要成果及其在工程实践中的应用。重点介绍了近几年在航天特因环境下人的能力特性、航天器工效学设计与评价、数字航天员作业能力建模与仿真等方面的研究进展。结合我国载人航天后续空间站、深空探测等任务的发展趋势,介绍了该领域后续应重点开展的研究。Space ergonomics is the application of human factors engineering in the manned spaceflight field.After nearly 50 years development and practice,basic researches,basic application researches and engineering applications of space human-computer-environment system have been conducted,and a number of key technology breakthroughs and scientific achievements have been made which provided strong support for the SZ-1 to SZ-5 flight missions,the space laboratory missions and the space station missions. In this paper,the main achievements of space ergonomics in the manned space field were summarized. The research progress of human ability under space circumstances,design and evaluation of ergonomics for spacecraft,digital astronaut operation ability modeling and simulation were introduced. Based on the development trend of the space station and deep space exploration mission in China＇s manned space program,the focus of research in space human factors engineering in the future was introduced.

关 键 词：航天人因工程 工效学 载人航天 人的能力特性 工效设计与评价 数字航天员 

分 类 号：R857.1[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]