受控生态生保系统180天试验人体表菌群结构研究  

Analysis on Body Microbiota of People Surviving in Controlled Ecological Life Support System of 180 days Experiment

作　　者：辛冰牧[1] 王珩 吴元亮[1] 仲崇发[1] 刘军莲[1] 陈章煌[1] 顿桓桓[1] 谢琼[1] Xin Bingmu;Wang Heng;Wu Yuanliang;Zhong Chongfa;Liu Junlian;Chen Zhanghuang;Dun Huanhuan;Xie Qiong.

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心,北京100094

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2018年第2期282-288,共7页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：国家"重大新药创制"科技重大专项(2015ZX09J15102-002);国家自然科学基金资助项目(9143011);中国载人航天预先研究项目(010101)

摘　　要：目的了解受控生态生保系统下长期生存对乘员体表微生物种群状况的影响。方法利用地面密闭舱4人180天实验,分别于实验前、进舱后30天、60天、90天、120天、150天及撤离前,对4名乘员的体表(包括额头、耳后、肘窝、腋窝,腹股沟)进行采样,采用16S r DNA V3-V4区的Illumina高通量测序技术,并进行生物信息学分析,包括群落结构、多样性、主坐标及物种丰度分析。结果肘窝和前额菌群多样性显著高于其他体表位置。体表菌属主要分属放线菌门、厚壁菌门、变形菌门和拟杆菌门等。在属水平,5个部位优势菌属为棒状杆菌和葡萄球菌,此外丙酸杆菌属在额头和耳后两位置也占优势比例。主坐标分析结果显示在属水平,肘窝在构成上有独立性,腋下和腹股沟菌群结构相似,额头和耳后菌群结构相似。与进舱前比较,乘员在进舱后第1个月菌群变化明显,之后逐渐恢复稳态。结论人体在不同体表位置菌群多样性不同;菌群结构在门水平差异小,但在属水平不同部位菌群结果有所差异。受控生态生保系统密闭环境作为应激因素可影响体表菌群结构。Objective To study body microbiota of people surviving in controlled ecological life support system for 180 days. Methods Each crewmember was sampled at seven different time periods to provide the data： 15 days before entering the isolation facility,then 30 days interval throughout the entire 180-day experiment,and immediately after exiting the module. The body surface sites generally sampled were forehead,restroauricular,chelidon,armpit and inguen. Genomic DNA of the samples was extracted and the 16 S r DNA V3-V4 region was amplified by PCR and identified by Illumina. The bioinformatic analysis included the community composition,diversity,principle co-ordinates and species abundance analysis. Results Bacterial diversities of chelidon and forhead were higher than other body surface sites. Actinobacteria,Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,and Bacteroidetes were dominant on human skin at phylum level. At genus level,corynebacterium and staphylococcus were two of the most prevalent genus. In addition,propionibacterim was the third commonly identified at forehead and retroauticular. Genus-level microbiota of chelidon was different from other sites. The armpit and inguen florae were similar,and forehead and retroauricular were similar. A significant wave on microbial community composition was showed after one month life in confined environment. Conclusion Human skin-associated microorganisms are different in community diversity at specific sites. At genus-level the differences of microbial commmity composition of different body sites are little,but at phylum the differences of which are significant. Confined environment of controlled ecological life support system can be a stress factor to influence microbial homeostasis on body surface.

关 键 词：受控生态生保系统 ILLUMINA Miseq 微生物群落 航天飞行 

分 类 号：R851[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]