云南省野鼠鼠疫疫区处置中溴敌隆灭鼠效果评价  

Evaluation on the effect of rodent control by bromadiolone in the plague epidemic area

作　　者：刘正祥[1] 高子厚[1] 段兴德[1] 梁云[1] 张正飞[2] 段炳华 浦恩念 苏超[1] 李玉琼[1] LIU Zheng-xiang;GAO Zi-hou;DUAN Xing-de;LIANG Yun;ZHANG Zheng-fei;DUAN Bing-hua;PU En-nian;SU Chao;LI Yu-qiong(Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Focal Disease, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China;Lifiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention;Dali Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]云南省地方病防治所医学动物昆虫防制科云南省自然疫源性疾病防控重点实验室,云南大理671000 [2]丽江市疾病预防控制中心,云南丽江674100 [3]大理白族自治州疾病预防控制中心,云南大理671000

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2018年第2期172-174,共3页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81660554);卫生行业科研专项(201202021)~~

摘　　要：目的评价溴敌隆在云南省野鼠鼠疫疫区处置中的灭鼠效果,为鼠类控制及鼠疫防治提供基础数据。方法2017年4-5月选择云南省丽江市玉龙县、古城区和大理白族自治州剑川县、鹤庆县居民区及耕地两种生境,使用0.5%溴敌隆母液配制0.005%的小麦毒饵,采取"回合式"投药,采用不设对照区的鼠疫流行疫点区和设对照区的非疫点区分别进行灭鼠效果试验。利用Excel 2010和SPSS 18.0软件对调查数据进行统计分析,灭鼠率的比较采用χ~2检验。结果鼠疫流行疫点居民区灭鼠率为77.67%~100%,耕地为88.89%~100%;设对照区的非疫点居民区灭鼠率为88.48%~100%,耕地为85.72%~97.74%。疫点区和非疫点区同一生境不同县(区)及4个县(区)不同生境灭鼠率差异均无统计学意义(χ~2=0.800、0.863,均P>0.05),两种试验设计方法计算居民区和耕地的灭鼠率差异均无统计学意义(χ~2=1.507、0.050,均P>0.05)。结论溴敌隆杀鼠剂对云南省家栖和野栖鼠类仍具有良好的毒杀作用,且适口性较好,在鼠疫疫区处置过程中可有效降低鼠密度,防止鼠疫疫情蔓延。目前仍可用于云南省家、野鼠两型鼠疫疫区及大面积控制鼠害。ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of rodent control by bromadiolone in the plague epidemic area, provide basicdata for rodent control and plague prevention.MethodsIn Yulong county, Gucheng district,Jianchuan county andHeqing county residential area and cultivated land in two habitats, 0.005% wheat bait was prepared with 0.5%bromadiolone and applied to project area of the plague epidemic area and non-epidemic area of the control during April toMay 2017.ResultsThe killing effect of plague epidemic residential area was 77.67%-100%, cultivated land88.89%-100%; In control of non-epidemic residential area, killing effect was 88.48%-100%, cultivated 85.72%-97.74%.As to the same habitat in epidemic area and non-epidemic area in different counties, there were no statistical differences inthe efficacy of different habitats in 4 counties and cities（ χ^2=0.800, 0.863, P〉0.05）. Two kinds of experimental designmethods were used to calculate the effect of residential area and cultivated land, and there was no statistical significance（χ^2=1.507, 0.050, P〉0.05）.ConclusionIn Yunnan provincial residential area and wild animal habitats, bromadiolonestill has good effect as poison baits. In the process of plague epidemic disposal, the population density of rats can beeffectively reduced, and the spread of plague epidemic can be prevented. It can be utilized in control of commensal and wildrodents to prevent the two types of plague epidemics.

关 键 词：溴敌隆 鼠疫疫区 灭鼠效果 评价 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学] S481.9[医药卫生—临床医学]