石墨烯含量对铝基复合材料微观组织和力学性能的影响  

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum-Matrix Composite with Different Graphene Contents

作　　者：李炯利 王旭东 武岳 曹振 郭建强 张海平 Li Jiongli;Wang Xudong;Wu Yue;Cao Zhen;Guo Jianqiang;Zhang Haiping(Beijing Engineering Research Center of Advanced Aluminum Alloys and Applications, Belting Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空材料研究院北京市先进铝合金材料及应用工程技术研究中心

出　　处：《稀有金属》2018年第3期252-258,共7页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51404421)资助

摘　　要：通过机械混合、低温球磨结合热挤压工艺制备了石墨烯增强铝基复合材料。通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）、能谱分析（EDS）和室温拉伸力学性能测试等手段,对石墨烯纳米片添加量对铝基复合材料微观组织和力学性能的影响进行了研究。研究结果表明,当石墨烯添加量为0.5%（质量分数）,石墨烯基体沿着纳米晶铝的晶界均匀分布,石墨烯/铝界面结合良好。当石墨烯含量大于1.0%时,石墨烯在铝基体中分散性变差,容易团聚形成夹杂,使得石墨烯/铝界面结合变差。铝基复合材料的强度随着石墨烯添加量的增大先升高后降低。当石墨烯添加量为1.0%时,复合材料的强度达到最大值（抗拉248 MPa）,与未添加石墨烯的纯铝相比,抗拉强度提高了68.7%。石墨烯增强铝基复合材料的塑性随着石墨烯添加量的增大,先保持不变而后急剧下降。当石墨烯添加量为0.5%,复合材料塑性与纯铝塑性相当。当石墨烯添加量为1.0%,延伸率为8.3%,此时材料的强韧性匹配度较好。The combination of mechanical mixing,cryomilling and hot extrusion was employed for the fabrication of aluminum-matrix composite reinforced with graphene. Microstructure and mechanical properties were characterized by transmission electron microscopy（TEM）,electron dispersive spectroscopy（EDS） and static tensile tests to investigate the influence of graphene content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum-matrix composite. The results demonstrated that,with an addition of 0. 5%（mass fraction） graphene,the homogeneous distribution of graphene in the Al matrix as well as the clean metallurgical interfaces between aluminum and graphene were obtained. With an addition of 1. 0% graphene,however,the extent of the agglomeration of graphene increased,which in turn weakened the Al/Gr interface. As the content of graphene increased,the strength increased and then decreased. By incorporating 1. 0% graphene into aluminum matrix,the tensile strength reached its maximum（248 MPa）,increased by68. 7% compared with pure aluminum without graphene. When graphene content was above 1. 0%,however,this strengthening effect sharply dropped due to the clustering of graphene nanoflakes. The ductility maintained and then decreased with the content of graphene increasing. With 0. 5% graphene,both the elongation and area contraction of the composite did not decrease in comparison to pure aluminum. With the content of graphene reaching 1. 0%,the composite with a good combination of ductility（8. 3% tensile elongation）and strength（248 MPa） was successfully synthesized. Finally,some suggestions and the prospect on the aluminum-matrix composite reinforced with graphene were put forward.

关 键 词：石墨烯 铝基复合材料 低温球磨 微观组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]