烧结钕铁硼的晶界扩散改性、结构与性能研究进展  

Research Progress in Grain Boundary Diffusion Modification,Microstructures and Properties of Sintered Nd-Fe-B Magnets

作　　者：崔熙贵[1] 王兴华 崔承云[1] 阴冠超 夏传达 方翠 Cui Xigui;Wang Xinghua;Cui Chengyun;Yin Guanchao;Xia Chuanda;Fang Cui(School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenfiang 212013, China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学机械工程学院

出　　处：《稀有金属》2018年第3期315-324,共10页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51401087);中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目(201104511)资助

摘　　要：烧结钕铁硼磁体具有优异的磁性能,被广泛地应用于高新技术领域的核心功能器件。然而,新能源汽车和风力发电等低碳经济的发展对烧结钕铁硼磁体的磁性能提出了更高的要求,高矫顽力高磁能积磁体成为今后发展的重要趋势。高矫顽力和高磁能积一直以来都是一个矛盾体,晶界扩散技术的发展改变了这一现象。利用晶界扩散技术对磁体晶界成分和结构的调控实现了高矫顽力和高磁能积的双高综合磁性能,而且降低了制造成本,节约了重稀土资源。本文总结归纳了国内外晶界扩散技术的最新研究成果,重点介绍了晶界扩散后磁体界面微观结构和化学成分的变化规律及其与磁性能的内在联系,论述了相应的微观机制,为晶界扩散技术的进一步发展及钕铁硼磁体磁性能提高提供了理论参考。Nd-Fe-B magnets possess excellent properties,and have been applied to the core functional devices in high and new technology field. However,the developments of low carbon economy in new energy vehicles,wind power etc. put forward higher requirements for magnetic properties of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets. The magnet with high coercivity and high magnetic energy product has become an important trend for future development. High coercivity and high magnetic energy product have always been a contradiction,but the development of the grain boundary diffusion technology changed this phenomenon. The integrated magnetic properties of high coercivity and high magnetic energy product were achieved by control of interface microstructure and composition of magnet using grain boundary diffusion. Meanwhile,the manufacturing cost was reduced and the heavy rare earth resources were saved. In this paper,the latest research results of the grain boundary diffusion technology at home and abroad were summarized. The variation rules of the interface microstructure and chemical composition of the magnets and their inner links with magnetic properties were emphatically introduced. And corresponding micro mechanisms were discussed. This provided theoretical reference for the further development of grain boundary diffusion technology and the improvement of magnetic properties of Nd-Fe-B magnets.

关 键 词：钕铁硼磁体 晶界扩散 矫顽力 微观机制 

分 类 号：TM273[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]