人工无瓣海桑对土壤重金属分布和累积的影响  

Influence of Sonneratia apetala Plantations on the Distribution and Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Intertidal Sediments

作　　者：李斌[1,2] 庞碧剑 张瑜斌 LI Bin;PANG Bijian;ZHANG Yubin(Guangxi Mangrove Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Beihai 536000, China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Mangrove Conservation and Utilization, Beihai 536000, China;Marine Environmental Monitoring Center of Guangxi, Beihai 536000, China;Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China)

机构地区：[1]广西科学院广西红树林研究中心,广西北海536000 [2]广西红树林保护与利用重点实验室,广西北海536000 [3]广西海洋环境监测中心站,广西北海536000 [4]广东海洋大学,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2018年第3期47-55,共9页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：广西科学院基础科研业务费项目(13YJ22HS11);广西红树林保护与利用重点实验室系统性研究课题(GKLMC-201311)

摘　　要：2013年5、10月,在湛江市雷州附城镇东海岸采样分析了人工无瓣海桑林以及周边的混生林、秋茄林和对照光滩的土壤重金属。结果表明,人工无瓣海桑林土壤重金属的垂直分布受林龄影响较小,各层土壤细颗粒物和有机质的含量越高,水交换和淋溶作用越强,土壤重金属的层化现象越明显。随着无瓣海桑林的不断发育,其土壤重金属Cr、Pb、Cd、Zn和Cu含量及相对累积程度呈波浪式变化;As是林龄越高其含量及累积程度也越高,Hg则是林龄越高其含量越低,但其相对累积程度是5 a>18 a>11 a。5 a、18 a无瓣海桑林土壤重金属Cr、Pb、Cd、Zn、Cu和Hg的平均含量均低于相同恢复年限的混生林和秋茄林,As则反之。5 a、11 a和18 a无瓣海桑林土壤重金属的潜在生态风险指数属中等水平,对土壤重金属环境的改变没有种植着乡土种的混生林和秋茄林明显,且恢复年限越长,重金属的影响越小。Sediment samples were collected in May and October 2013 from Sonneratia apetala forest, mixed forest, Kandelia candel forest and mud flat sediments in the eastern shore of Fucheng Town, Leizhou County, Zhanjiang City. To assess the ef- fects of Sonneratia apetala forest on the distribution and accumulation of heavy metals, the heavy metals in sediments were an- alyzed. The results show that the vertical spatial distribution of heavy metals in sediments was slightly influenced by the refor- estation age of Sonneratia apetala, but positively correlated with water-exchange, eluviations and the contents of fine particle and organic matter. The contents and relative accumulation factors （RAF） of Cr, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu in sediments varied with the growth of Sonneratia apetala forest like a wave-shaped, and As increased continuously. The content of Hg decreased with the growth of Sonneratia apetala forest, and the RAF of Hg in different reforestation age of Sonneratia apetala forests decreased in the order as 5 a 〉 18 a 〉 11 a. The average contents of Cr, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu and Hg in sediment of Sonneratia apetala forest which reforestation age were five and eighteen was lower than mixed forest and Kandelia candel forest, while As was on the contrary. The potential ecological risk index of heavy metal in sediment of Sonneratia apetala forests which reforestation ages were five, eleven and eighteen were at medium level. The changes on heavy metal in sediment of Sonneratia apetala forests were more obvious than in mixed forest and Kandelia candel forest. And the older the reforestation age was, the potential eco- logical risk index of heavy metal was slighter.

关 键 词：人工无瓣海桑 土壤重金属 空间分布 累积 潜在生态风险 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]