传统的发明:和日村藏族石刻流程、工具与技艺  

Traditional Inventions: Process, Tools and Craft of Tibetan Stone Carving in Heri Village

作　　者：冯雪红 向锦程 FENG Xue-hong;XIANG Jin-cheng(The Editorial Department of Journal of North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021;School of Literature and History, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China)

机构地区：[1]北方民族大学学报编辑部,宁夏银川750021 [2]北方民族大学文史学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第2期64-73,共10页Journal of Lanzhou University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目"甘青牧区藏族生态移民产业变革与文化适应研究"(NCET-12-0664);2013-2014年度国家民委领军人才支持计划项目"生态移民社会适应及可持续生计策略研究"(2016GLR03)

摘　　要：青海和日村是响应三江源生态移民工程的一个生态移民示范村,属于整村搬迁。在牧区草山时,和日村的祖辈们有少数人从事石刻,主要刻制藏传佛教经文及其他宗教用品。搬迁后,传统的石刻手艺为移民的生存和发展带来了契机,如今石刻已成为搬迁牧民维持生计的主要方式和后续产业的支柱,因而带动着全村经济的发展。随着社会的变迁,传统石刻的流程、工具和技艺,以及石刻内容也经历着动态的变化,这既是市场的需求,也是和日村村民为应对生存和发展而做的积极改变,作为文化载体的藏族石刻技艺,作为联结传统与现代的藏族石刻,不断延续并得以发展。Heri village in Qinghai Province is now an ecological emigration demonstration village, which was relocated as a whole at the present site for the sake of the ecological emigration project in Three River Source area. When they lived on the grassy hills of the pastoral areas, a small number of their forefathers were engaged in stone carving, mainly of Tibetan Buddhist scriptures and religious articles. After relocation,the traditional stone carving craft has created opportunities for the survival and development of the immigrated villagers. It has become the way for the herdsmen to make livings and the pillar of the follow-up industries, thus boosting the economic growth of the whole village. As the society changes, the process, tools and craft of the traditional stone carving are also under dynamic changes, which is not only the demand of the market, but also a positive transition made by Heri villagers to survive and develop. In this sense, Tibetan stone carving craft has been inherited and developed as a carrier of culture and a link between the traditional and the modern.

关 键 词：和日村 生态移民 藏族石刻 石刻工具 石刻技艺 

分 类 号：K892.29[历史地理—民俗学] J302[历史地理—历史学]