戒毒措施“医疗化”与我国戒毒制度的走向  

Medicalization of Drug Rehabilitation and Future of the China's Drug Rehabilitation System

作　　者：包涵[1] BAO Han(Chinese People＇s Public Security University, Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学侦查学院,北京100038

出　　处：《河南警察学院学报》2018年第1期27-33,共7页Journal of Henan Police College

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"刑事政策实现效果评估体系研究"(15BFX085)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：戒毒制度的法律定位取决于社会对于吸毒行为的观念以及在此基础上的立法响应的态度,同时也受历史惯性、人文环境等复杂因素的影响。将吸毒者视为社会越轨者和病患的态度差异导致了制度构建上的差异,戒毒制度"医疗化"的兴起,是基于否定犯罪前置化的法律认识,顺应社会福利多元的社会政策以及逐渐科学理性看待吸毒行为而演进的结果,代表了戒毒制度的发展方向。以此审视我国当前的戒毒制度,虽然在立法层面体现出"医疗化"特征,但是在执法和实务当中仍旧呈现出与之理想相悖的执行措施。戒毒制度应当以"医疗化"作为未来走向的观念基础,以"科学、人道和宽缓"作为制度设计和措施执行的标准,逐步建立以"社会化"为特征的戒毒体制。The legal status of drug rehabilitation system depends on the idea of drug abuse and the attitude of legislation,and is also influenced by the history and humanity circumstance.Treating abusers as offenders or pa-tients causes differences on the construction of legal system.The emergence of medicalization of drug rehabilitation is bases on the denial of the legal recognition of the preform of crime,conformity with the policy of social welfare,and rational knowledge of drug abuse,which represents the development direction of drug rehabilitation system.Al-though the legislative level reflects the medicalization,it still shows the contrary with the implementation of the measures in taw enforcement and practice.Drug rehabilitation should follow the concept of "medieatization" in the future,and take "science,humanity and remittence" as the standard of system design and implementation to grad-ually establish a drug rehabilitation system characterized by "socialization".

关 键 词：戒毒措施“医疗模式” 戒毒措施“整合模式” “社会化”戒毒体制 

分 类 号：D917[政治法律—法学]