紫金山针阔混交林空间结构特征与植物多样性分析  

Analysis of spatial structure and species diversity of coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest in Zijin mountain

作　　者：朱军 湛斌 陈霞 关庆伟 ZHU Jun;ZHAN Bin;CHEN Xia;GUAN Qingwei(Administration of Dr. Sun Yatsen＇s Mausoleum, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, China;College of Biology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China)

机构地区：[1]南京市中山陵园管理局,江苏南京210014 [2]南京林业大学生物与环境学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2018年第1期75-80,93,共7页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：南京市建委科研项目"紫金山典型森林群落的植物多样性大样地长期观测研究"(Ks1501);南京市园林局课题"紫金山典型林分的天然更新规律研究"(201601JH);国家科技支撑项目"环境友好型城镇景观林构建技术研究与示范"(2015BAD07B06)

摘　　要：结合混交度、大小比数、角尺度、开敞度4个林分空间结构参数和丰富度指数、Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou均匀度指数4个多样性指数,综合分析了紫金山针阔混交林林分特征,旨在明晰紫金山针阔混交林的空间结构特征和植物多样性及其相互关系。结果表明:(1)该林分以马尾松和栓皮栎为优势木,混交程度较高,林木水平分布格局为低程度的聚集分布,林木生长空间处于严重不足状态。(2)该林分同一样方不同林层之间的多样性指数存在很大差异,不同样方同林层之间的多样性指数同样存在很大差异。但是该林分灌木层与草本层Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou均匀度指数多样性指数在不同样方之间数值的变化趋势基本一致。(3)该林分各样方混交度越高,各样方灌木层及草本层的Simpson指数越小,而各样方灌木层及草本层的Shannon-Wiener指数越大,其它空间结构参数和多样性指数之间没有关联性,说明混交度是影响该林分林下植物多样性的重要因素。To investigate the spatial structure and species diversity of coniferous and broad leaved mixed forest in Zijin mountain,four spatial structure indices（i.e.mingling,angle index,neighborhood comparison and opening degree）and fourdiversity indexes（i.e.species richness,Simpson index,Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou evenness index）of the forest were measured and analyzed.The results showed that Pinus massoniana and Quercus variabilis composed the majority of dominant trees in the spatial structural units.The forest was highly mixed at whole stand level,while the horizontal pattern of the stands displayed a low degree of aggregative distribution.The growing space for most trees in the forest was severely insufficient.There are many differences in the diversity index among forest layers of the same sample plot and also among the same forest layer of different sample plots.However,there is the same trend of fluctuations in Simpson index,Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou evenness index among shrub layer and herb layer of different sample plots.The higher the mixed degree among sample plots is,the lower the Simpson index of shrub layer and herb layer is but the higher the ShannonWiener index is.There is no correlation between other spatial structure parameters and diversity indexes,which indicates that mixed degree is the major factor that affects the understory species diversity.

关 键 词：紫金山 针阔混交林 空间结构特征 植物多样性 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]