他人知觉的个体构念动态交互模型  

The dynamic interactive model of person construal on person perception

作　　者：崔诣晨[1,2] 王沛[2] CUI Yichen;WANG Pei(Environment and Development Research Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;School of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学江苏环境与发展研究中心,南京210037 [2]上海师范大学教育学院,上海200234

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2018年第4期678-687,共10页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社会科学重大招标项目(17ZDA327);国家社会科学重点项目(12AZD117);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(17YJC840007);江苏省教育科学"十三五"规划课题青年专项重点资助项目(C-a/2016/01/13)资助

摘　　要：他人知觉的个体构念动态交互模型关注在感知他人时不同信息加工水平之间的互动模式,主张低阶加工(如对面孔、声音和肢体运动线索的加工)、类别化加工、刻板印象激活与高阶认知加工之间的交互作用所形成的动态系统对他人知觉起着调控作用。该动态系统包含提示水平、类别水平、刻板印象水平和高阶水平。由于各加工水平之间的交互作用,这一动态系统在神经网络、加工水平以及加工时间维度上形成了一个具有动态建构特征的循环联结网络,该网络对他人知觉产生动态交互效应。正是这种动态交互效应使得他人印象在个体构念中变得有意义、有秩序和可预测。未来研究应从社会文化与情境互动模式出发,利用内隐社会认知测量与认知神经科学方法,进一步探测个体构念动态交互效应的认知神经基础和社会动因,为他人知觉个体构念的动态建构提供更为坚实的理论与实证依据。Focused on the interactive model of different information processing levels in person perception,the dynamic interactive model of personal construal on person perception holds that the dynamic system formed by the interaction among the low order processing（such as the processing of clues in faces,sounds and body movements）,categorization processing,stereotype activating,and high order cognitive processing plays a regulatory role in person perception.The dynamic system includes cue level,category level,stereotype level and high level.Due to the interaction among different processing levels,the dynamic system formulates the recurrent connectionist network based on neural network,processing level and processing time,which has dynamic interactive effect on the generation of person perception.It is the dynamic interactive effect that makes person impression meaningful,orderly,and predictable in personal construal.Future studies should be based on the interactive model of social culture and situation,and further explore the cognitive neural basis and social motives of the dynamic interactive effect on person construal,via the use of implicit social cognition measurement and cognitive neuroscience methods,in order to provide solid theories and facts for the dynamic construction of personal construal on person perception.

关 键 词：他人知觉 个体构念 循环联结网络 社会类别 刻板印象 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]