2016年里约奥运会现代五项运动员成绩特征研究  

The 2016 Summer Olympics In Rio De Janeiro Modern Pentathlon Athletes Performance Characteristics

作　　者：陈伟[1] 郑凤 陈丰 夏华[1] 孙弘毅 CHEN Wei;ZHENG Feng;CHEN Feng;XIA Hua;SUN Hong-yi(Suzhou Research Institute of Sports Science, Suzhou 215131, China;The Amateur Sport Training School of Suzhou, Suzhou 215131, China;Institute of Physical Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China)

机构地区：[1]苏州市体育科学研究所,江苏苏州215131 [2]苏州市体育运动学校,江苏苏州215131 [3]江西师范大学体育学院,江西南昌330022

出　　处：《南京体育学院学报（自然科学版）》2017年第6期86-93,共8页Joournal of Nanjing Institute of Physical Education:Natural Science

摘　　要：随着世界现代五项规则的不断变化,现代五项运动成绩分布特征也在不断变化。目的:以2016年里约热内卢奥运会现代五项参赛运动员决赛时的运动成绩为研究对象,通过对世界优秀现代五项运动员成绩特征的研究,从中发现规律和不足,寻找影响我国选手夺得奖牌的某些训练学原因,改进下一阶段的训练和比赛质量,丰富、完善现代五项运动训练理论。为提高我国乃至世界现代五项运动成绩提供理论依据;方法:综合运用文献资料法、数理统计法对运动成绩特征进行研究分析;结论:男、女现代五项运动员总分与各单项成绩特征主要呈偏正态分布,得分高的选手较多,比赛较为激烈;男子单项成绩与总分相关强度由大到小依次是马术、游泳、跑射联项、击剑;女子单项成绩与总分的相关强度由大至小依次是马术、游泳、跑射联项、击剑。男运动员各项目之间击剑与游泳、击剑与马术、击剑与跑射联项、游泳与跑射联项的成绩几乎没有相关性,而游泳与马术、马术与跑射联项的成绩密切相关;女运动员各项目之间击剑与游泳、击剑与马术、击剑与跑射联项、游泳与马术、游泳与跑射联项的成绩几乎没有相关性,而马术与跑射联项的成绩密切相关。我国男子现代五项的弱项由马术和跑射联项变成了击剑和跑射联项;女子现代五项的弱项由击剑和马术变成了跑射联项。建议:在今后的训练中,中国选手男子应加强击剑和跑射联项的得分能力,女子应加强跑射联项的得分能力。要善于寻找现代五项的共性规律,促进训练效益最大化,可参照单项成绩与总分相关强度大小及各单项之间的共性进行训练。With the continuous changes of the Modern Pentathlon,the features of its scores distribution are also undergoing constant variations.Objectives：The study selected the final scores of the Modern Pentathlon athletes in the 2016 Rio Olympics as the research objects,and conducted researches on the features of the world-class Modern Pentathlon athletes＇ scores,based on which,the patterns and deficiencies were discovered,and some certain reasons pertaining to the theory of training which might have influences on our country＇s athletes＇ performances when going for the medals were sought after,so that the qualities of training and competitions in the forthcoming phase would be enhanced.The theory of Modern Pentathlon training would be enriched and perfected,which would lay a theoretical foundation for the improvement of Modern Pentathlon scores for our country and even for the whole world;methods：The integrated use of literature,mathematical statistics analysis to study the performance characteristics;Conclusions：The total scores as well as the individual event scores of both male and female Modern Pentathlon athletes show skewed distribution primarily,and the intensity of the competition is tremendously enhanced with a great many high-score athletes.The correlation intensity between the male athletes＇ scores of each individual event and the total scores is as followings with a decreasing order：riding,swimming,combined and fencing.The correlation intensity between the female athletes＇ scores of each individual event and the total scores is as followings with a decreasing order：riding,swimming,combined and fencing.Among all the male athletes＇ events,there is almost no correlation between fencing and swimming,fencing and riding,fencing and combined,swimming and combined.Nonetheless,the scores of swimming and riding as well as the scores of riding and combined are closely correlated.Among all the female athletes＇ events,there is almost no correlation between fencing and swimming,fencing and riding,fe

关 键 词：现代五项 成绩特征 相关分析 聚类分析 判别分析 

分 类 号：G811.2[文化科学—体育学]