经口进食脑卒中患者的进食状态及营养状况评价  

Dietary intake and nutritional status of stroke patients with oral intake

作　　者：张露[1] 蒋红[1] 张秀英[1] 周依群 容根南[3] 刘华华[1] 许雅芳[1] 陈莹[4] 朱雅萍 姒怡冰 ZHANG Lu;JIANG Hong;ZHANG Xiu-ying;ZHOU Yi-qun;RONG Gen-nan;LIU Hua-hua;XU Ya-fang;CHEN Ying;ZHU Ya-ping;SI Yi-bing(Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China;Jing＇an Branch of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China;Baoshan Branch of North Branch of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200431, China;Shanghai General Hospital Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200081, China;Nanjing West Road Community Health Service Center of Jing＇an District, Shanghai 200041 , China;North Branch of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201907, China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属华山医院,上海200040 [2]复旦大学附属华山医院静安分院,上海200040 [3]复旦大学附属华山北院宝山分院,上海200431 [4]上海交通大学附属第一人民医院分院,上海200081 [5]上海市静安区南京西路社区卫生服务中心,上海200041 [6]复旦大学附属华山医院北院,上海201907

出　　处：《上海护理》2018年第4期24-27,共4页Shanghai Nursing

基　　金：上海市卫生计生系统重要薄弱学科建设(2015ZB0301);复旦大学护理科研基金项目(FNF201511)

摘　　要：目的评价经口进食脑卒中患者的进食状态及营养状况。方法于2016年4—8月对上海市6所医院的385例脑卒中住院患者进行调查,调查工具为自行设计的一般情况调查问卷以及中文版简易进食观察量表-Ⅱ和微型营养评定简表,同时评估患者的体质指数、肱三头肌皮褶厚度、上臂围、上臂肌围、小腿围、全血血红蛋白、血清白蛋白等客观指标,分析比较存在进食困难与无进食困难患者之间各项营养评价指标的差异。结果脑卒中后存在经口进食困难患者的营养不良发生率高于无进食困难患者;存在摄入困难、吞咽困难及精力不足/食欲下降患者的小腿围、血红蛋白浓度及血清白蛋白浓度均低于无相关进食困难的患者(均P<0.05)。结论伴有进食困难的脑卒中患者营养不良发生率高于无进食困难者,及时、合理的进食状况评估可以帮助护理人员准确判断脑卒中患者的进食问题并采取针对性的措施。Objective To evaluate the dietary intake and nutritional status of stroke patients with oral intake. Methods From April to August 2016, a total of 385 stroke patients selected from 6 hospitals in Shanghai were investigated with general questionnaire, Minimal Eating Observation Form-II-Chinese ve^ion and Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form. Their body mass index （BMI）, triceps skin fold （TSF）, arm circumference （AC）, arm muscle circumference （AMC）, calf circumference （CC）, hemoglobin （Hb） level and albumin （Alb） level were analyzed. Results The stroke patients with eating difficulties had higher incidence of malnutrition, and lower calf circumference, hemoglobin level and albumin level than those without eating difficulties （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The incidence of malnutrition in stroke patients with eating difficulties is higher than those without eating difficulties. The timely and rational nutritional assessment could help nursing staff to identify eating difficulties and provide individual measures.

关 键 词：脑卒中 进食困难 营养状况 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]