外源激素对仁用杏花期调控的影响  

Impacts of exogenous hormones on florescence regulation of almond-apricot

作　　者：李慧[1] 乌云塔娜[1] 宋猜 姜仲茂 朱绪春 李畅 LI Hui;Wuyuntana;SONG Cai;JIANG Zhongmao;ZHU Xuchun;LI Chang(Non-Timber Research and Development Center, CAF, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China;Jiangxi Environment Engineering Vocational College, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院经济林研究开发中心,河南郑州450003 [2]江西环境工程职业学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《经济林研究》2018年第1期9-15,48,共8页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题"仁用杏和巴旦杏高效生产关键技术研究与示范"(2013BAD14B02);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项"仁用杏提质增效关键技术研究"(CAFYBB2017ZA004-4)

摘　　要：由于仁用杏开花早,花果期易遭受因晚霜、寒流而引起的冻害,造成冻花冻果,导致减产,甚至绝收,这严重影响了仁用杏的产量和产业的发展。为了解决仁用杏生产上易受霜冻危害的问题,以仁用杏主栽品种‘龙王帽’为试验材料,研究了在不同试验阶段喷施不同浓度的植物生长调节剂对其花期的影响情况。试验结果表明:喷施植物生长调节剂比久、乙烯利、多效唑、青鲜素、脱落酸等均可推迟仁用杏的花期,尤以比久和乙烯利对其花期推迟的效果最为显著。在8、10、11月的中下旬3次喷施浓度为1.5~3.0 g/L的比久,均可使仁用杏花期推迟5~12 d;10月中下旬喷施浓度为0.1~1.0 m L/L的乙烯利,可使仁用杏花期推迟5~15 d。研究结果表明:利用此种方法推迟花期所花低成本,操作简单,农民容易掌握,易于生产中大范围内推广,能够有效解决果树霜冻问题。Due to early flowering time,almond-apricot is vulnerable to late frost and cold current at flowering and fruit bearing stage,which can cause cold damage,frozen flowers and frozen fruit,yield reduction,and even failure,so it has a strong impact on production and industry development of almond-apricot.To avoid harmness of late frost,using main cultivar ‘Longwangmao＇ as materials,we researched impacts of spraying different concentrations of plant growth regulators at different periods on florescence of almond-apricot.The results indicate that：spraying the plant growth regulators,such as B9,ETH,PP333,MH and ABA,could delay the florescence,especially B9 and ETH.Spraying 1.5-3.0 g/L B9 in mid-to-end of August,October,and November,respectively,could delay the florescence of almond-apricot by 5-12 days.Spraying 0.1-1.0 m L/L ETH in mid-to-end of October could delay the florescence of almond-apricot by 5-15 days.The results show that the method of delaying florescence is suitable to be widely generalized in production,due to low-cost,easy operation and farmer easy mastery,which can effectively solve frost problem of fruit trees.

关 键 词：仁用杏 花期调控 推迟花期 避开晚霜 

分 类 号：S662.2[农业科学—果树学]