2006—2015年辽宁省鼠类密度季节消长趋势分析  

Analysis on rodent density seasonal fluctuation in Liaoning Province from 2006 to 2015

作　　者：张家勇[1] 丁俊[1] 白玉银[1] 关玉辉[1] 李志[1] 张稷博[1] 王纯玉[1] ZHANG Jia-yong;DING Jun;BAI Yu-yin;GUAN Yu-hui;LI Zhi;ZHANG Ji-bo;WANG Chun-yu(Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang 110005, China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心,辽宁沈阳110005

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2018年第2期149-153,共5页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

摘　　要：目的了解辽宁省鼠密度季节消长、不同生境鼠密度季节消长趋势,为制定鼠类防控方案和开展爱国卫生运动提供科学依据。方法城镇设置居民区和食品餐饮业2种类型监测点,农村设置村内和村外2种类型监测点,采用夹夜法进行鼠密度监测。结果 2006—2015年辽宁全省共布放鼠夹1 059 319夹次,有效夹1 009 744夹次,捕获鼠类18 929只。鼠密度季节消长基本呈典型双峰型曲线,2个密度高峰基本分布在4—5月、9—10月。2006—2015年辽宁省不同生境的城市和农村鼠密度季节消长呈双峰型曲线,第1个密度高峰均分布在3—4月,第2个密度高峰城市和农村分别分布在8月和11月。在居民区、食品餐饮业、农村村内和农村村外4种生境鼠密度季节消长基本呈双峰型曲线,4种生境的2个密度高峰分别分布在3—4月及9—10月、3—4月及7—9月、3—5月及9—11月、4—5月及10—11月,其中农村村内和村外生境非双峰年份在双峰年份2个密度高峰的时间段均有鼠密度高峰出现,双峰密度高峰也为其生境的密度较高的时间段。结论 2006—2015年辽宁省鼠密度和不同生境鼠密度季节消长基本呈双峰型曲线,农村季节消长明显,城市季节消长稳定。在4种不同生境中鼠密度季节消长各不相同,应按照不同生境和时段制定不同的防鼠、灭鼠策略,从而达到控制鼠传疾病的目的,同时为卫生城市创建提供技术支持。Objective To investigate the seasonal fluctuation of rodent density in Liaoning Province,and provide a basis for the rodent prevention and control program and the patriotic health campaign. Methods The rodents density was investigated by night trapping. Two types of monitoring points were chosen in town,one in residential and the other in food services. Two types of monitoring points chosen in rural area were the in and the outside village. Results Totally 1 059 319 traps were placed,1 009 744 were effective,and 18 929 rodents were captured in Liaoning Province from 2006 to 2015. Seasonal fluctuation of rodent density followed a double-peak curve. Two peaks of rodent density occurred in April and May and in September and October respectively. Seasonal fluctuation of rodent density followed a double-peak curve in city and village during 2006—2015. One peak of rodent density occurred in March and April,and the other in August in downtown and November in village. The double-peak curve of residential community,food services,inside the village and outside the village occurred in March to April and September to October,March to April and July to September,March to May and September to November,April to May and in October to November respectively. The rodent density peak of non double-peak years occurred in the density peak period of double-peak years in inside the village and outside the village. Conclusion Seasonality of rodent density and seasonal fluctuation for different habitats in Liaoning Province followed a double-peak curve from 2006 to 2015.Seasonality of rodent density in village was more obvious than city. Seasonal fluctuations were much different among habitats. Rodent control strategy should be formulated from different habitats and times for the purpose of controlling rodent-borne diseases.

关 键 词：鼠类 密度 季节消长 监测 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]