低浓度铅接触对工人外周血象及尿常规的影响  

Low concentration of lead exposure on peripheral hemogram and routine urine with workers

作　　者：陈建龙[1] 李津[1] CHEN Jian-long;LI Jin Fujian(Center for Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases and Chemical Poisoning,Fuzhou,Fujian 350001, China)

机构地区：[1]福建省职业病与化学中毒预防控制中心,福建福州350001

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2018年第2期240-242,245,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

摘　　要：目的探讨低浓度铅接触对工人外周血象及尿常规的影响。方法以福建省14家企业血铅值低于400μg/L的1 223名铅接触作业人员为研究对象,分析铅接触程度(血铅)、铅接触工龄、年龄、性别与外周血象及尿常规的关系。结果铅接触工龄长组血红细胞数下降检出率高于工龄短组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.35,P<0.01),100μg/L≤血铅<400μg/L组尿蛋白阳性率高于血铅<100μg/L组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.60,P<0.01),铅接触工龄长组尿蛋白、尿白细胞阳性率低于铅接触工龄短组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.63,P<0.01;χ2=5.98,P<0.05)。结论低浓度铅接触时,尿蛋白阳性率随铅接触浓度升高而升高,血红细胞数随铅接触工龄增加而下降;铅接触工龄对尿蛋白及尿白细胞异常未产生不良影响,铅接触对血红蛋白影响不明显。Objective To investigate influence of low concentration lead on peripheral hemogram and routine urine with workers. Methods A total of 1223 Lead-exposed workers whose blood lead levels were lower than 400 μg/L in 14 companies in Fujian province were studied as the object to analyze the relationship between Lead exposure （blood lead）, service length, age, gender and peripheral hemogram, routine urine. Results The detection rate of the number of red blood cell decreased in the long group of lead exposure was higher than that of the short group, the difference was statistically significant （X2 = 17.35 ,P 〈0. 01 ）. The positive rate of urinary protein of blood lead between100 μg/L and 400 μg/L was higher than that of blood lead which less than 100μg/L and the difference was statistically significant （χ2 =8.60 ,P 〈0.01 ） ,the rate of urine protein and leukocyte cells exposed to lead long group positive were lower than the short service length of group and the difference was statistically significant （χ2 = 9. 63, P 〈 0. 01 ;χ2 = 5.98, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion In the low concentration lead exposure, the positive rate of urinary protein increases with lead exposure level, and the blood red cells decreases with the increase of service length. There is no adverse effect on urinary protein and leukocyte abnormality of lead exposure, and it has little effect on hemoglobin.

关 键 词：铅作业工人 低浓度铅接触 外周血象 尿常规 

分 类 号：R135.11[医药卫生—劳动卫生]