氘、氚在RAFM钢中的扩散渗透研究  

Deuterium and Tritium Permeation in the Reduced Activation Ferritic/Martensitic Steel

作　　者：范东军 陆光达[2] 张桂凯[2] 包锦春 杨飞龙[2] 向鑫[2] 陈长安[2] FAN Dongjun;LU Guangda;ZHANG Guikai;BAO Jinchun;YANG Feilong;XIANG Xin;CHEN Chang＇an(Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Mianyang 621908, China;China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621907, China)

机构地区：[1]表面物理与化学重点实验室,绵阳621908 [2]中国工程物理研究院,绵阳621907

出　　处：《金属学报》2018年第4期519-526,共8页Acta Metallurgica Sinica

基　　金：国家磁约束核聚变能发展研究专项项目No.2015GB109006;国家自然科学基金项目No.51471154~~

摘　　要：采用气相渗透方法,对国产低活化铁素体/马氏体钢(RAFM钢)之一的中国低活化马氏体钢(CLAM钢)进行了氘(D)、氚(T)渗透实验,得出了573~873 K间,氘在CLAM钢中的渗透率ΦD=3.41×10^(-8)exp(-39181/(RT))(mol/(m·s·Pa0.5)),扩散系数DD=1.43×10^(-7)exp(-22110/(RT))(m2/s),溶解度常数SD=2.38×10^(-1)exp(^(-1)7071/(RT))(mol/(m^3·Pa0.5))。在573~823 K间,氚在CLAM钢中的渗透率为ΦT=2.50×10^(-8)exp(-38493/(RT))(mol/(m·s·Pa0.5)),并根据渗透的同位素效应比值,推导出氚在CLAM钢中的扩散系数DT=1.95×10^(-7)exp(-22797/(RT))(m^2/s),溶解度常数ST=1.28×10^(-1)exp(^(-1)5696/(RT))(mol/(m3·Pa0.5))。实验还发现,风冷降温使钢的氘渗透通量出现先升后降的异常现象,其产生的机制及其对工程应用的影响有待进一步研究。Reduced activation ferritic/martensitic（RAFM） steel is the preferred structural material for test blanket module in fusion reactor. The study of the diffusion transport character of deuterium and tritium in the steel is of great significance for fuel recycling, tritium diffusion control, recovery and safety to China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor（CFETR） item. Two kind of RAFM steels have been developed in China and one of them, China low activation martensitic（CLAM） steel, is chosen to investigate its diffusive transport parameters of deuterium and tritium in this work. By gas-driven permeation experiment between 573 K and 873 K, deuterium transport parameters are measured. The permeability is： ΦD=3.41×10^（-8） exp（-39181/（RT））（mol/（m·s·Pa0.5））, the diffusion coefficient is DD=1.43×10^（-7） exp（-22110/（RT））（m^2/s）,the solubility constant is SD=2.38×10^（-1） exp（^（-1）7071/（RT））（mol/（m^3·Pa0.5））. Between 573 K and 823 K, the permeability of tritium is ΦT=2.50×10^（-8） exp（-38493/（RT））（mol/（m·s·Pa0.5））. According to the isotopes effect rule, the diffusion coefficient and solubility constant of tritium is deduced respectively： DT=1.95×10^（-7） exp（-22797/（RT））（m^2/s） and ST=1.28×10^（-1） exp（^（-1）5696/（RT））（mol/（m^3·Pa0.5））. A strange behavior appears in experiments with deuterium： after forced air cooling to the steel, the permeation flux through it quickly rise first and then anomaly lower for hours. The mechanism arousing the phenomenon and effects on use in engineering needs further investigation.

关 键 词：氘(D) 氚(T) RAFM钢 气相渗透 

分 类 号：TG142[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]