干涉配合弹性强化机理分析  

Elastic fatigue enhancement mechanism of interference fit

作　　者：张岐良 曹增强[2] 李红梅[1] 向聪 刘平 ZHANG Qiliang;CAO Zengqiang;LI Hongmei;XIANG Cong;LIU Ping(Institute of Systems Engineering, Ohina Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China;School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi＇an 710072, China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所,绵阳621900 [2]西北工业大学机电学院,西安710072

出　　处：《航空学报》2018年第4期230-238,共9页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51505447;11602255)~~

摘　　要：鉴于基于支撑效应(SE)的干涉配合疲劳强化理论具有内在的局限性,通过引入弹簧模型(SM)研究了干涉配合的强化机理,以期获得更全面的认识并促进干涉配合技术的应用。首先,分析了支撑效应理论的不足之处,提出了经典理论难以解释的多个问题;然后,介绍了弹簧模型的基本思想及其求解结果,从弹性变形的角度对以上疑难问题作出了解释;最后,借助弹簧模型给出了干涉量的优化方法,并得到了最佳干涉量的解析表达式。弹簧模型的计算结果表明:干涉配合存在一种动态的弹性强化机制,在交变外载作用下结构组件的弹性变形及接触的自动调节作用,是被连接件传载幅值得以降低的原因;干涉量的选取不仅要考虑结构尺寸和材料,同时还应结合实际的载荷条件。In view of the limitations of the traditional interference theory based on the supporting effect（SE）,the spring model（SM）is introduced here to study the fatigue enhancing mechanism of interference,in the hope of obtaining a more comprehensive understanding of the interference strengthening technology and promoting its applications.The inadequacies of the SE theory are firstly analyzed,and a range of insoluble problems are discussed.Then,an introduction of the basic concepts and the analytical results of the SM are given.The mentioned problems are explained in terms of elastic deformation,and the analytical solution for the optimum amount of interference is derived.An analysis of the SM indicates that there exists an elasticity reinforcement mechanism in an interference-fitted joint,and the elastic deformation of member components subjected to alternating external applied load and the automatic regulating effect of contact are the reason for the reduction of the amplitude of load transferred by the connected members.It is also concluded that the sizes and materials of components,as well as actual loading conditions,should be taken into consideration in determining the optimum interference.

关 键 词：干涉配合 弹簧模型 强化机理 疲劳 应力幅 

分 类 号：V260.1[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]