民勤荒漠沙枣生物量结构和生长分析  

Biomass Structure and Growth Analysis of Elaeagnus angustifoliain Minqin Desert

作　　者：马良清[1] 冯大兰[1] 黄小辉[1] MA Liang-qing;FENG Da-lan;HUANG Xiao-hui(Chongqing Academy of Forestry, Chongqing 400036, Chin)

机构地区：[1]重庆市林业科学研究院,重庆400036

出　　处：《甘肃林业科技》2017年第4期21-27,31,共8页Journal of Gansu Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：该研究遵从空间代替时间的原理,通过全数采样和统计分析研究表明:(1)成熟单叶面积为3~12 cm^2/片,厚度为0.20~0.30 mm/片,比叶面积(SLA)为9~11 m^2/kg(DW)。(2)垂直根系主要分布在地面以下1 m以内,水平根系主要向光照优越的方向延伸;根系生物量按根径分配,小于10 mm的占2.1%,10 mm^20 mm的占12%,大于20 mm的占85.9%。(3)叶生物量分配百分比与树龄呈负指数关系,幼年期为9%,成年为4%,根、干、枝生物量分配比与树龄关系不显著;生物构件生物量分配百分比为:根29.82%,干26.93%,枝36.96%,叶6.29%。(4)净同化率(NAR),随树龄的增长而下降,5龄为0.897 7 kg/(m^2·a),21龄为0.416 2 kg/(m^2·a),叶片一年生产生物量是自身重量4.2~9.0倍;叶面积比率(LAR)随树龄的增长而下降,8龄为0.485 4 m^2/kg,21龄为0.297 1 m^2/kg,5~22年中,LAR的平均值为0.366 8 m^2/kg;相对生长率(RGR)随树龄的增长而下降,11龄为28.85%,21龄时,为12.37%,5~21年中,RGR的平均值为18.8%。因此,沙枣生长快,耐旱性强,水分利用率高,适宜在干旱荒漠地区种植。The study follows the principle of space instead of time, and total number sampling and statistical analysis, the results show that：（1） The mature single leaf, area is 3-12 cm^2, thickness is 0.20-0.30 mm, specific leaf area（SLA） is 9-11 m^2/kg（DW）.（2） The vertical root system is mainly distributed within 1 m below the ground, and the horizontal roots extend mainly to the direction of superior light; Root biomass distribution according to root diameter, less than 10 mm accounted for 2.1%, 10-20 mm accounted for 12%, and more than 20 mm accounted for 85.9%.（3） There was a negative exponential relationship between the percentage of leaf biomass and the age of trees, which was 9% in the juvenile stage and 4% in the adult; There was no significant relationship between the biomass allocation ratio of root, stem and branch and tree age, the percentage of biomass allocation in biological components was： root 29.82%, dry 26.93%, branch 36.96%, leaf 6.29%.（4） The net assimilation rate（NAR） decreased with the growth of tree age, the 5 age was 0.897 7 kg/（m^2·a）, and the 21 age was 0.416 2 kg/（m^2·a）, the biomass production of Elaeagnus angustifolia leaves is 4.2-9.0 times of the leaf weight in 1 years; The leaf area ratio（LAR） decreased with the growth of tree age, the 8 age was 0.485 4 m^2/kg, the 21 age was 0.297 1 m^2/kg, between 5 to 22 years, the average value of LAR was 0.366 8 m^2/kg; The relative growth rate（RGR） decreased with the growth of tree age, the 11 age was 28.85%, the 21 age was 12.37%. between 5 to 21 years, the average value of RGR was 18.8%. Thus, Elaeagnus angustifolia fast growth, drought resistance, water use efficiency is high, suitable for planting in arid desert area.

关 键 词：沙枣 比叶面积 根系 生物量 净同化率 叶面积比率 相对生长率 

分 类 号：S793.901[农业科学—林木遗传育种]