播期与密度对蕉肥间作植株与产量的影响  

Effects of Different Sowing Date and Density on Plant and Yield of Mung Bean under Banana-Mung Bean Intercropping

作　　者：胡钧铭[1] 罗维钢 王冠玉[3] 陆秀红[4] 李婷婷[1] 黄忠华 何铁光[1] 农金花 HU Jun-ming;LUO Wei-gang;WANG Guan-yu;LU Xiu-hong;LI Ting-ting;HUANG Zhong-hua;HE Tie-guang;NONG Jin-hua(Agricultural Resource and Environment Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Nanning 530007 , Chi-na;Nanning Irrigation Experiment Station ,Guangxi Nanning 530001, China;Agricultural Science and Technology Information Re-search Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Nanning 530007 , China;Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi A-cademy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Nanning 530007 , China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]南宁市灌溉试验站,广西南宁530001 [3]广西农业科学院农业科技信息研究所,广西南宁530007 [4]广西农业科学院植物保护研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2018年第4期665-672,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部农业环境重点实验室开放基金项目(KLAE201407);广西农业重点科技开发项目(201526);广西地方标准制定项目(桂质监2015-0383);广西农业科学院优势学科团队项目(桂农科2018YT08);南宁市西乡塘科技开发项目(2014301)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同播期和播种密度对间作模式下香蕉和粮肥兼用型绿豆生长及产量的影响,为香蕉-绿肥间作模式提供参考。【方法】以粮肥兼用绿豆为间作作物,分设4个播期处理(SD),SD1~SD4处理依次为4月10日、5月10日、6月10日和7月10日;4个播种密度处理(M),M1~M3处理分别为:22.5、37.5和52.5 kg/hm^2,另设不播种粮肥兼用绿豆处理作对照(CK);分别测量各处理下粮肥兼用绿豆和香蕉株高、茎粗和产量,以及粮肥兼用绿豆结荚数和地上生物部量等指标。【结果】不同播期和密度中,粮肥兼用绿豆株高和茎粗存在负相关性。在所有播期处理中,SD1粮肥兼用绿豆植株最矮,但茎粗最大,分枝数、产量和地上部生物量最高,其产量达到1344 kg/hm^2;香蕉株高、茎粗和产量均在SD1处理下最高,产量达36 255 kg/hm^2。M1处理粮肥兼用绿豆植株最矮,但茎粗最大,分枝数最多,M2处理产量和地上部生物量最高,产量分别比M1和M3处理高6.8%和17.9%;香蕉株高、茎粗和产量在M2处理最高,产量为36 776 kg/hm^2,分别比M1、M3处理和CK高0.8%、2.5%、8.2%。【结论】播期越早,越有利于粮肥兼用绿豆和香蕉的生长,提高产量;间作密度过高或过低均不利于粮肥兼用绿豆和香蕉生长,适宜的间作密度可提高作物产量。【Objective】To provide a reference of the best banana intercropping mode for agricultural production,the effects of different sowing date and planting density on banana-mung bean intercropping were studied,and the relationship between plant growth and yield was explored.【Method】The mung bean was used for grain and manure as intercropping crop,4 sowing dates treatments were set（SD） ：SD1（the first sowing date,April 10^th）,SD2（the second sowing date,May 10^th）,SD3（the third sowing date,June 10^th） and SD4（the fourth sowing date,July 10^th）,and 3 sowing density treatments were set（M） ：M1（22.5 kg/hm^2）,M2（37.5 kg/hm^2）,M3（52.5 kg/hm^2） and CK（No sowing mung beans）.The plant height,the stem diameter,the yield of mung beans and banana,the number of green beans and the shoot biomass of the ground respectively were measured.【Result】There was negative correlation between plant height and stem diameter of mung bean for grain and manure under different sowing date and density.The plant height of mung bean for grain and manure was the shortest in SD1 under different sowing date,but the stem diameter was the largest,the branch number,yield and shoot biomass were the highest,and the yield was 1344 kg/hm^2.The plant height,stem diameter and yield of banana were the highest in SD1,and the yield was 36 255 kg/hm^2.The result showed that,in the three sowing density experimental places,the mung bean for grain and manure plant height was the shortest,but they had the largest stem diameter and branch number in M1.The yield and shoot biomass of mung bean for grain and manure were the highest in M2,and yield in M2 was 6.8 % and 17.9 % higher than M1 and M3,respectively.The plant height,stem diameter and yield of banana were the highest in M2.And the yield was 36 776 kg/hm^2,which was 0.8 %,2.5 % and 8.2 % higher than M1,M3 and CK respectively.【Conclusion】The earlier mung bean for grain and manure seeded,the more conducive the growth of banana-mung bean intercropping would be.Too

关 键 词：蕉肥间作 播期 密度 植株生长 产量影响 

分 类 号：S344.2[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S551.9[农业科学—农艺学]