Evaluating the management of anaphylaxis in US emergency departments:Guidelines vs.practice  

作　　者：W.Scott Russell Judith Rosen Farrar Richard Nowak Daniel P.Hays Natalie Schmitz Joseph Wood Judi Miller 

机构地区：[1]Pediatric Emergency Department,Medical University of South Carolina,Charleston,SC 29425,USA [2]Life Sciences Press,Canandaigua,NY,USA [3]Department of Emergency Medicine,Henry Ford Health System,Detroit,MI,USA [4]University of Arizona Medical Center,Tucson,AZ,USA [5]DeKalb Medical Center,Atlanta,GA,USA [6]Mayo Clinic Arizona,Scottsdale,AZ,USA [7]SRxA,Washington,DC,USA

出　　处：《World Journal of Emergency Medicine》2013年第2期98-106,共9页世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

基　　金：supported in part by an unrestricted educational grant from Mylan Specialty Pharmaceuticals(Basking Ridge,NJ)

摘　　要：BACKGROUND:Anaphylaxis is characterized by acute episodes of potentially life-threatening symptoms that are often treated in the emergency setting.Current guidelines recommend:1) quick diagnosis using standard criteria;2) first-line treatment with epinephrine;and 3) discharge with a prescription for an epinephrine auto-injector,written instructions regarding long-term management,and a referral(preferably,allergy) for follow-up.However,studies suggest low concordance with guideline recommendations by emergency medicine(EM) providers.The study aimed to evaluate how emergency departments(EDs) in the United States(US) manage anaphylaxis in relation to guideline recommendations.METHODS:This was an online anonymous survey of a random sample of EM health providers in US EDs.RESULTS:Data analysis included 207 EM providers.For respondent EDs,approximately 9%reported using agreed-upon clinical criteria to diagnose anaphylaxis;42%reported administering epinephrine in the ED for most anaphylaxis episodes;and <50%provided patients with a prescription for an epinephrine auto-injector and/or an allergist referral on discharge.Most provided some written materials,and follow-up with a primary care clinician was recommended.CONCLUSIONS:This is the first cross-sectional survey to provide "real-world" data showing that practice in US EDs is discordant with current guideline recommendations for the diagnosis,treatment,and follow-up of patients with anaphylaxis.The primary gaps are low(or no) utilization of standard criteria for defining anaphylaxis and inconsistent use of epinephrine.Prospective research is recommended.BACKGROUND： Anaphylaxis is characterized by acute episodes of potentially life-threatening symptoms that are often treated in the emergency setting. Current guidelines recommend： 1） quick diagnosis using standard criteria; 2） first-line treatment with epinephrine; and 3） discharge with a prescription for an epinephrine auto-injector, written instructions regarding long-term management, and a referral （preferably, allergy） for follow-up. However, studies suggest low concordance with guideline recommendations by emergency medicine （EM） providers. The study aimed to evaluate how emergency departments （EDs） in the United States （US） manage anaphylaxis in relation to guideline recommendations. METHODS： This was an online anonymous survey of a random sample of EM health providers in US EDs. RESULTS： Data analysis included 207 EM providers. For respondent EDs, approximately 9% reported using agreed-upon clinical criteria to diagnose anaphylaxis; 42% reported administering epinephrine in the ED for most anaphylaxis episodes; and 〈50% provided patients with a prescription for an epinephrine auto-injector and/or an allergist referral on discharge. Most provided some written materials, and follow-up with a primary care clinician was recommended. CONCLUSIONS： This is the first cross-sectional survey to provide ＂real-world＂ data showing that practice in US EDs is discordant with current guideline recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with anaphylaxis. The primary gaps are low （or no） utilization of standard criteria for defining anaphylaxis and inconsistent use of epinephrine. Prospective research is recommended.

关 键 词：ANAPHYLAXIS GUIDELINES Epinephrine(adrenaline) Allergic reaction Lifethreatening reaction Emergency department Epinephrine autoinjector Self-injectable epinephrine 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学]